Fukuie Marina, Yamabe Takayuki, Nomura Yosuke, Hashitomi Tatsuya, Maeda Seiji, Sugawara Jun
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.
Pulse (Basel). 2019 Apr 12;7(1-4):51-59. doi: 10.1159/000498853. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Aquatic exercise is ideal for older adults because it mitigates weight-bearing stress. However, the effect of head-out aquatic exercise on arterial stiffness, a strong future cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, remains unclear. We determined whether head-out aquatic exercise would mitigate arterial stiffness in middle-aged and elderly people. In 25 middle-aged and older people (9 men, mean age 64 ± 8 years), blood pressure (BP) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured before and after a supervised aquatic exercise training program (60 min, 1 session/week, 14 sessions) which mainly consisted of walking, stretching, and muscle strengthening in water. In the pooled subjects, systolic BP tended to decrease ( = 0.07) after the training intervention, whereas no significant changes were observed, including baPWV (from 1,537 ± 301 to 1,496 ± 308 cm/s). In the sub-analysis, by dividing subjects into a healthy group ( = 13) and a CVD risk group ( = 12), no significant interaction between time and group was seen in BP. On the other hand, baPWV decreased significantly in the healthy group (from 1,476 ± 299 to 1,365 ± 215 cm/s) but not in the CVD risk group (from 1,603 ± 301 to 1,637 ± 339 cm/s). The current study demonstrates that regular head-out aquatic exercise, even at a low frequency, could mitigate CVD risk in apparently healthy middle-aged and older people.
水上运动对老年人来说是理想的选择，因为它能减轻负重压力。然而，头部露出水面的水上运动对动脉僵硬度（一种未来患心血管疾病的高风险因素）的影响仍不明确。我们研究了头部露出水面的水上运动是否能减轻中老年人的动脉僵硬度。在25名中老年人（9名男性，平均年龄64±8岁）中，在一项有监督的水上运动训练计划（60分钟，每周1次，共14次）前后测量血压（BP）和臂踝脉搏波速度（baPWV），该训练计划主要包括在水中行走、伸展和肌肉强化。在汇总的受试者中，训练干预后收缩压有下降趋势（P = 0.07），而包括baPWV在内未观察到显著变化（从1537±301 cm/s降至1496±308 cm/s）。在亚组分析中，将受试者分为健康组（n = 13）和心血管疾病风险组（n = 12），血压在时间和组间未观察到显著交互作用。另一方面，baPWV在健康组显著下降（从1476±299 cm/s降至1365±215 cm/s），而在心血管疾病风险组未下降（从1603±301 cm/s升至1637±339 cm/s）。当前研究表明，即使是低频的定期头部露出水面的水上运动，也能降低明显健康的中老年人患心血管疾病的风险。
