Sun Wenbo, Qi Huan, Li Tan, Lin Minggang, Zhang Chuyang, Qiu Yiping
College of Textile and Apparel, Xinjiang University Urumqi 830000 Xinjiang China.
Institute of Smart & Ecological Textile, Quanzhou Normal University Fujian 362002 China.
RSC Adv. 2024 Sep 12;14(39):28984-28997. doi: 10.1039/d4ra05241b. eCollection 2024 Sep 4.
Solar interfacial evaporation is an innovative and environmentally friendly technology for producing freshwater from seawater. However, current interfacial evaporators are costly to manufacture, have poor tolerance to environmental conditions, exhibit instability in evaporation efficiency in highly saline solutions, and fail to prevent salt crystallization. The production of user-friendly, durable and salt-resistant interfacial evaporators remains a significant challenge. By spraying graphene oxide on a nonwoven material using PVA as a binder and adding biphasic Cu S by an growth method, we designed 2D/3D micro- and nanostructured graphene oxide nanosheets/copper sulfide nanowires (GO/Cu S) with synergistic photo-thermal effects in the full spectral range. The evaporation efficiency in pure water was 94.61% with an evaporation rate of 1.5622 kg m h. In addition, we enhanced convection by employing a vertically aligned water-guide rod structure design, where the concentration difference drives salt dissolution thereby reducing the formation of salt crystals. The evaporation efficiency in 20% salt water was 80.41% with an evaporation rate of 1.3228 kg m h and long-term stability of brine evaporation was demonstrated under continuous sunlight. This solar steam generator expands the potential application areas of desalination and wastewater purification.
太阳能界面蒸发是一种从海水中制取淡水的创新且环保的技术。然而，当前的界面蒸发器制造成本高昂，对环境条件的耐受性较差，在高盐溶液中蒸发效率不稳定，并且无法防止盐结晶。生产用户友好、耐用且耐盐的界面蒸发器仍然是一项重大挑战。通过使用聚乙烯醇（PVA）作为粘合剂将氧化石墨烯喷涂在非织造材料上，并通过一种生长方法添加双相硫化铜，我们设计了在全光谱范围内具有协同光热效应的二维/三维微观和纳米结构的氧化石墨烯纳米片/硫化铜纳米线（GO/CuS）。在纯水中的蒸发效率为94.61%，蒸发速率为1.5622 kg m⁻² h⁻¹。此外，我们通过采用垂直排列的导水杆结构设计增强了对流，其中浓度差驱动盐溶解，从而减少盐晶体的形成。在20%盐水中的蒸发效率为80.41%，蒸发速率为1.3228 kg m⁻² h⁻¹，并且在持续光照下展示了盐水蒸发的长期稳定性。这种太阳能蒸汽发生器扩展了海水淡化和废水净化的潜在应用领域。
