McGinley James J, Randoing Ben, Saleem Laura, Podvin Caroline, Ellis Henry B, Wilson Philip L, Ulman Sophia
Center for Excellence in Sports Medicine Scottish Rite for Children.
Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2024 Aug 1;19(8):989-996. doi: 10.26603/001c.120898. eCollection 2024.
Given rising youth sport participation, 8 to 10-year-olds increasingly display comparable lower-extremity injury incidence to 11 to 17-year-olds and require effective return to sport criteria. One such criterion which quantifies dynamic stability is the Y-Balance Test (YBT), though it has not been validated in children under age 11.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of 8 to 10-year-old patients on the YBT after lower-extremity injury and determine how these results compare to larger samples of age-grouped athletes within the validated 11 to 17-year-old range. It was hypothesized that 8 to 10-year-olds would display different normalized YBT distances compared to 11 to 17-year-olds.
Cross-sectional Study.
Patients (N=1093) aged 8 to 17 who presented to a pediatric sports medicine practice with a lower-extremity injury and completed the YBT between December 2015-May 2021 were included. Anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral YBT scores were collected at return-to-sport for affected and unaffected limbs. Scores were normalized to limb length, and composite scores were created. Between-limb differences were calculated in groups of ages 8-10, 11-12, 13-14, and 15-17. Groups were also evaluated for differences by sex.
A rise in performance was observed in unaffected limb anterior reach from ages 8 to 10 years to 11 to 12 years followed by a subsequent significant decrease at older ages (p<0.001). Affected limb anterior reach differed between the youngest group and two oldest groups (p=0.004). Anterior and composite difference were significantly different between the oldest three groups (p=0.014 anterior; p=0.024 composite). No differences were observed between sexes in 8 to 10-year-olds, though 11 to 12-year-old females reached further during all eight distances. In the older three groups, males generally displayed greater between-limb differences.
YBT scores, specifically anterior reach, demonstrated inconsistency by age and sex across a large adolescent cohort. Existing return-to-sport standards should not be used with younger athletes, and individual validation is required.
Level III.
鉴于青少年体育活动参与度不断提高，8至10岁儿童下肢损伤发生率日益接近11至17岁儿童，因此需要有效的恢复运动标准。一种量化动态稳定性的标准是Y平衡测试（YBT），不过该测试尚未在11岁以下儿童中得到验证。
假设/目的：本研究旨在检查8至10岁下肢受伤患者在YBT测试中的表现，并确定这些结果与11至17岁已验证年龄组的较大运动员样本相比如何。研究假设8至10岁儿童与11至17岁儿童在YBT标准化距离上会表现出差异。
横断面研究。
纳入2015年12月至2021年5月期间因下肢损伤就诊于儿科运动医学诊所并完成YBT测试的8至17岁患者（N=1093）。在伤肢和未伤肢恢复运动时收集前侧、后内侧和后外侧YBT分数。分数根据肢体长度进行标准化，并创建综合分数。计算8-10岁、11-12岁、13-14岁和15-17岁组之间的肢体差异。还按性别评估了各组之间的差异。
观察到未伤肢前伸距离在8至10岁到11至12岁之间有所增加，随后在较大年龄组显著下降（p<0.001）。最年轻组与最年长的两个组之间伤肢前伸距离存在差异（p=0.004）。最年长的三组之间前侧和综合差异显著（前侧p=0.014；综合p=0.024）。8至10岁儿童中未观察到性别差异，不过11至12岁女性在所有八个距离上伸展得更远。在年龄较大的三组中，男性通常表现出更大的肢体间差异。
YBT分数，特别是前伸距离，在一个大型青少年队列中显示出随年龄和性别的不一致性。现有的恢复运动标准不适用于较年轻的运动员，需要进行个体验证。
三级。
