Gautam Richa, Alvi Yasir, Islam Farzana, Kumar Nitesh, Pathak Rambha, Agarwalla Rashmi, Panda Meely, Gupta Ekta, Parashar Mamta, Dayal Rashmi Prakash
Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Jul 5;13:199. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_4_24. eCollection 2024.
Tobacco use remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to 8 million annual deaths and potentially reaching 1 billion deaths in the 21 century. Despite taking efforts like India's National Tobacco Control Program, the country faces a persistent 39% tobacco use prevalence, particularly in low-income communities like those from Madanpur Khadar, Delhi. This study explores the effectiveness of behavior modification therapy in addressing this challenge.
In a community-based trial, 400 adult tobacco users from Madanpur Khadar were enrolled and randomization and allocation concealment were done (CTRI no.: CTRI/2021/06/034298). Participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups during the study period of 18 months. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behaviors, and motivation levels were collected. The intervention included behavior modification therapy, while the control group received brief advice. Motivation levels were assessed using the contemplation ladder, and carbon monoxide levels were measured with piCO + Smokerlyzer. The study adhered to ethical considerations and obtained approval from Jamia Hamdard's Institutional Ethical Committee.
Sociodemographic characteristics revealed a predominantly male (88%) population, aged above 30 years (68.5%), with lower middle class representation (51%). The intervention group exhibited a 7% smoking cessation rate, which is significantly higher than the control group (1%). piCO+ Smokerlyzer confirmed a 41.7% reduction in carbon monoxide levels among participants in the intervention group. High motivation levels correlated with successful quitting, with a 6.5 times higher odds ratio for highly motivated individuals compared to low or moderately motivated ones.
The study highlights the cost-effective impact of behavior modification therapy in promoting tobacco cessation, particularly in resource-constrained settings. The significant association between motivation levels and quitting underscores the importance of tailored interventions in public health initiatives aimed at reducing tobacco use.
烟草使用仍然是一项重大的全球健康挑战，每年导致800万人死亡，到21世纪可能达到10亿人死亡。尽管印度实施了国家烟草控制计划等举措，但该国仍面临着持续39%的烟草使用率，尤其是在像德里马丹布尔卡达尔这样的低收入社区。本研究探讨行为矫正疗法在应对这一挑战方面的有效性。
在一项基于社区的试验中，招募了400名来自马丹布尔卡达尔的成年烟草使用者，并进行了随机分组和分配隐藏（临床试验注册号：CTRI/2021/06/034298）。在为期18个月的研究期间，参与者被随机分配到干预组和对照组。收集了社会人口学特征、吸烟行为和动机水平的数据。干预措施包括行为矫正疗法，而对照组接受简短建议。使用沉思阶梯评估动机水平，并用piCO + 吸烟分析仪测量一氧化碳水平。该研究遵循伦理考量，并获得了贾米亚·哈马德机构伦理委员会的批准。
社会人口学特征显示，主要为男性（88%），年龄在30岁以上（68.5%），中下层阶级占比（51%）。干预组的戒烟率为7%，显著高于对照组（1%）。piCO + 吸烟分析仪证实干预组参与者的一氧化碳水平降低了41.7%。高动机水平与成功戒烟相关，与低动机或中等动机的个体相比，高动机个体成功戒烟的优势比高出6.5倍。
该研究强调了行为矫正疗法在促进戒烟方面的成本效益影响，特别是在资源有限的环境中。动机水平与戒烟之间的显著关联凸显了在旨在减少烟草使用的公共卫生举措中进行针对性干预的重要性。
