School of Public Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Division of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 24;13(10):e0204657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204657. eCollection 2018.
Universal smoking cessation strategies are not always successful for minorities, among whom smoking is highly prevalent despite high intention to quit. This study identifies facilitators for smoking cessation, as perceived by minority male smokers, that can inform a culturally appropriate national plan for smoking prevention and cessation.
We conducted in 2013 a three-stage study among Arab minority male current and former smokers (ages 18-64) in Israel, among whom smoking is very high: first, a Concept Mapping (CM) study with 102 and 202 participants in the brainstorming, and sorting and rating phases respectively. Second, we assigned clusters identified in the CM study to contingency levels using the Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM). Third, we classified clusters into intervention functions and policies using the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW).
The CM study revealed 58 barriers and facilitators for smoking prevention and cessation that were sorted into 11 clusters by the participants. These clusters were analogous to four BEM level contingency of smoking (social, institutional, community and individual). We classified it into two main policy categories, based on the BCW: 1- restructuring the socio-political environment of smoking through affirmative government's policies towards Arab minority in Israel, and 2-developing a culturally appropriate plan for smoking cessation in Arab local authorities including: raising awareness about tobacco hazards; enforcing anti-smoking laws; strengthening community institutional action; providing smoking cessation services; considering raising prices for tobacco products, addressing psychological sources of smoking in Arab men.
Our study revealed barriers, facilitators and contingencies of smoking prevention and cessation with two main policy action items among the Arab minority in Israel: changing the socio-political environment of smoking, and developing a culturally appropriate smoking prevention and cessation national plan. Our study framework can inform policies and culturally appropriate interventions for smoking prevention and cessation in other minorities.
对于少数民族来说，通用的戒烟策略并不总是有效，尽管他们有强烈的戒烟意愿，但吸烟率仍然很高。本研究旨在确定少数民族男性吸烟者认为有助于戒烟的因素，以为制定一个适合少数民族文化的全国性预防和戒烟计划提供信息。
我们于 2013 年在以色列的阿拉伯少数民族男性现吸烟者和前吸烟者（年龄在 18-64 岁之间）中开展了一项三阶段研究，在这些人群中，吸烟率非常高：首先，我们进行了一项概念映射（CM）研究，有 102 名和 202 名参与者分别参加了头脑风暴、分类和评分阶段。其次，我们根据行为生态模型（BEM）将 CM 研究中识别的聚类分配到应急水平。第三，我们使用行为改变轮（BCW）将聚类分类为干预功能和政策。
CM 研究揭示了 58 个预防和戒烟的障碍和促进因素，这些因素被参与者分为 11 个聚类。这些聚类类似于吸烟的四个 BEM 水平应急情况（社会、制度、社区和个人）。我们根据 BCW 将其分为两个主要政策类别：1-通过以色列阿拉伯少数民族的政府积极政策来改变吸烟的社会政治环境；2-在阿拉伯地方当局制定一个适合阿拉伯文化的戒烟计划，包括：提高对烟草危害的认识；执行反吸烟法；加强社区机构行动；提供戒烟服务；考虑提高烟草产品价格，解决阿拉伯男性吸烟的心理根源。
我们的研究揭示了以色列阿拉伯少数民族在预防和戒烟方面的障碍、促进因素和应急情况，有两个主要的政策行动项目：改变吸烟的社会政治环境和制定一个适合少数民族文化的全国性预防和戒烟计划。我们的研究框架可以为其他少数民族的预防和戒烟政策和文化上适当的干预措施提供信息。
