Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11-12, Brunswick, Germany.
Planta. 2024 Sep 13;260(4):94. doi: 10.1007/s00425-024-04529-5.
Seed-application of the natural products protects sugar beet and wheat plants against infection with plasmodiophorid-transmitted viruses and thus may represent an efficient, environmentally friendly, easy and cost effective biocontrol strategy. In times of intensive agriculture, resource shortening and climate change, alternative, more sustainable and eco-friendly plant protection strategies are required. Here, we tested the potential of the natural plant substances Glycyrrhiza glabra leaf extract (GE) and the rhamnolipid Rhapynal (Rha) applied to seeds to protect against infection of sugar beet and wheat with soil-borne plant viruses. The soil-borne Polymyxa betae- and Polymyxa graminis-transmitted viruses cause extensive crop losses in agriculture and efficient control strategies are missing. We show that GE and Rha both efficiently protect plants against infection with soil-borne viruses in sugar beet and wheat when applied to seeds. Moreover, the antiviral protection effect is independent of the cultivar used. No protection against Polymyxa sp. was observed after seed treatment with the bio-substances at our analysis time points. However, when we applied the bio-substances directly to soil a significant anti-Polymyxa graminis effect was obtained in roots of barley plants grown in the soil as well as in the treated soil. Despite germination can be affected by high concentrations of the substances, a range of antiviral protection conditions with no effect on germination were identified. Seed-treatment with the bio-substances did not negatively affect plant growth and development in virus-containing soil, but was rather beneficial for plant growth. We conclude that seed treatment with GE and Rha may represent an efficient, ecologically friendly, non-toxic, easy to apply and cost efficient biocontrol measure against soil-borne virus infection in plants.
将天然产物施用于种子可保护甜菜和小麦免受原生动物传播病毒的感染，因此可能代表一种高效、环保、简便且具有成本效益的生物防治策略。在集约化农业、资源短缺和气候变化的时代，需要替代的、更可持续和环保的植物保护策略。在这里，我们测试了天然植物物质甘草叶提取物 (GE) 和鼠李糖脂 Rhapynal (Rha) 应用于种子以防止甜菜和小麦感染土壤传播病毒的潜力。土壤传播的多黏菌 betae 和多黏菌 graminis 传播的病毒会对农业造成广泛的作物损失，而有效的控制策略却缺乏。我们表明，当应用于种子时，GE 和 Rha 都能有效地保护植物免受土壤传播病毒的感染。此外，抗病毒保护效果与所使用的品种无关。在用生物物质处理种子后，我们没有观察到对多黏菌的保护作用。然而，当我们直接将生物物质施用于土壤时，在土壤中生长的大麦根以及处理过的土壤中均获得了对多黏菌 graminis 的显著抑制作用。尽管高浓度的物质会影响发芽，但确定了一系列对发芽没有影响的抗病毒保护条件。在含有病毒的土壤中，用生物物质处理种子不会对植物的生长和发育产生负面影响，反而有利于植物的生长。我们得出结论，用 GE 和 Rha 处理种子可能是一种高效、环保、无毒、简便且具有成本效益的生物防治措施，可用于防治植物的土壤传播病毒感染。
