Bechtold Verena, Petzl Wolfram, Huber-Schlenstedt Reglindis, Sorge Ulrike S
Department of Udder Health and Milk Quality, Bavarian Animal Health Services, 85586 Poing, Germany.
Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 29;14(17):2504. doi: 10.3390/ani14172504.
The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of mastitis pathogens in quarter milk samples (QMSs) submitted to the laboratory of the Bavarian Animal Health Service (TGD) between 2014 and 2023 in general, in relation to the clinical status of the quarters, and to analyze seasonal differences in the detection risk. Each QMS sent to the TGD during this period was analyzed and tested using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Depending on the result, QMSs were classified as CMT-negative, subclinical, or clinical if the milk character showed abnormalities. Mastitis pathogens were detected in 19% of the QMSs. Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) were the most common species isolated from the culture positive samples (30%), followed by (19%), (19%), and (9%). In culture-positive QMSs from CMT-negative and subclinically affected quarters, the most frequently isolated pathogens were NAS (44% and 27%, respectively), followed by (25% and 17%, respectively) and (8% and 22%, respectively). In QMSs from clinically affected quarters, the most frequently isolated pathogens were (32%), (13%), (11%), and (11%). The distribution of NAS and increased throughout the study period, while that of decreased. From June to October, QMSs from subclinically affected quarters increased and environmental pathogens, such as , were detected more frequently. In conclusion, this study highlights the dynamic nature of the distribution of mastitis pathogens, influenced by mastitis status and seasonal factors. Environmental pathogens still play an important role, especially in clinical mastitis and seasonal dependency, with the number of positive samples continuing to increase. It is therefore essential to continue mastitis control measures and to regularly monitor the spread of mastitis pathogens in order to track trends and adapt targeted prevention measures.
本研究的目的是调查2014年至2023年间提交至巴伐利亚动物卫生服务实验室（TGD）的乳房炎季度乳样（QMSs）中乳房炎病原体的总体分布情况、与乳房临床状况的关系，并分析检测风险的季节性差异。在此期间发送至TGD的每个QMS均使用加利福尼亚乳房炎检测（CMT）进行分析和测试。根据结果，如果乳样特征显示异常，QMSs被分类为CMT阴性、亚临床或临床。在19%的QMSs中检测到乳房炎病原体。非金黄色葡萄球菌（NAS）是从培养阳性样本中分离出的最常见菌种（30%），其次是（19%）、（19%）和（9%）。在CMT阴性和亚临床感染乳房的培养阳性QMSs中，最常分离出的病原体是NAS（分别为44%和27%），其次是（分别为25%和17%）和（分别为8%和22%）。在临床感染乳房的QMSs中，最常分离出的病原体是（32%）、（13%）、（11%）和（11%）。在整个研究期间，NAS和的分布增加，而的分布减少。从6月到10月，亚临床感染乳房的QMSs增加，并且更频繁地检测到环境病原体，如。总之，本研究强调了乳房炎病原体分布的动态性质，受乳房炎状态和季节因素影响。环境病原体仍然起着重要作用，特别是在临床乳房炎和季节依赖性方面，阳性样本数量持续增加。因此，继续实施乳房炎控制措施并定期监测乳房炎病原体的传播以跟踪趋势并调整针对性预防措施至关重要。
