Morales-Ubaldo Ana Lizet, Rivero-Perez Nallely, Valladares-Carranza Benjamín, Velázquez-Ordoñez Valente, Delgadillo-Ruiz Lucía, Zaragoza-Bastida Adrian
Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Vet Anim Sci. 2023 Jul 24;21:100306. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100306. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Bovine mastitis is globally considered one of the most important diseases within dairy herds, mainly due to the associated economic losses. The most prevalent etiology are bacteria, classified into contagious and environmental, with being the most common pathogens associated with mastitis cases. To date these pathogens are resistant to the most common active ingredients used for mastitis treatment. According to recent studies resistance to new antimicrobials has increased, which is why developing of alternative treatments is imperative. Therefore the present review aims to summarize the reports about bovine mastitis along 10 years, emphasizing bacterial etiology, its epidemiology, and the current situation of antimicrobial resistance, as well as the development of alternative treatments for this pathology. Analyzed data showed that the prevalence of major pathogens associated with bovine mastitis varied according to geographical region. Moreover, these pathogens are classified as multidrug-resistant, since the effectiveness of antimicrobials on them has decreased. To date, several studies have focused on the research of alternative treatments, among them vegetal extracts, essential oils, or peptides. Some other works have reported the application of nanotechnology and polymers against bacteria associated with bovine mastitis. Results demonstrated that these alternatives may be effective on bacteria associated with bovine mastitis.
牛乳腺炎在全球范围内被认为是奶牛群中最重要的疾病之一，主要是由于其相关的经济损失。最常见的病因是细菌，分为传染性和环境性，是与乳腺炎病例相关的最常见病原体。迄今为止，这些病原体对用于治疗乳腺炎的最常见活性成分具有抗性。根据最近的研究，对新型抗菌药物的耐药性有所增加，这就是为什么开发替代治疗方法势在必行。因此，本综述旨在总结过去10年关于牛乳腺炎的报告，重点关注细菌病因、流行病学、抗菌药物耐药性的现状，以及针对这种病症的替代治疗方法的发展。分析数据表明，与牛乳腺炎相关的主要病原体的流行率因地理区域而异。此外，这些病原体被归类为多重耐药，因为抗菌药物对它们的有效性已经降低。迄今为止，一些研究集中在替代治疗方法的研究上，其中包括植物提取物、精油或肽。其他一些研究报告了纳米技术和聚合物在对抗与牛乳腺炎相关细菌方面的应用。结果表明，这些替代方法可能对与牛乳腺炎相关的细菌有效。
