Cao Yingjia, Yang Yuheng, Liang Zihua, Guo Weiling, Lv Xucong, Ni Li, Chen Youting
Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Research Institute of Abdominal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Foods. 2024 Aug 29;13(17):2760. doi: 10.3390/foods13172760.
, used in East Asia for its health benefits, contains ganoderic acids (GA) which have various pharmacological activities but are limited by poor water solubility and low oral bioaccessibility. This study synthesized and characterized ganoderic acids loaded zein-chitosan nanoparticles (GA-NPs), and investigated its advantages in alleviating alcoholic liver injury (ALI) in mice model. The GA-NPs demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (92.68%), small particle size (177.20 nm), and a +29.53 mV zeta potential. The experimental results of alcohol-induced liver injury mouse model showed that GA-NPs significantly improved liver metabolic function, reduced alcohol-induced liver oxidative stress in liver by decreasing lactate dehydrogenase activity and malondialdehyde level, while increasing the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes and alcohol dehydrogenase. Moreover, GA-NPs were favorable to ameliorate intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in mice exposed to alcohol by increasing the proportion of probiotics such as , , and , etc., which were highly correlated with the improvement of liver function. Furthermore, GA-NPs modulated the mRNA expression related to ethanol metabolism, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. Conclusively, this study revealed that GA-NPs have stronger hepatoprotective effects than non-encapsulated ganoderic acids on alleviating ALI by regulating intestinal microbiota and liver metabolism.
在东亚因其对健康有益而被使用，含有多种药理活性的灵芝酸（GA），但其水溶性差和口服生物利用度低限制了其应用。本研究合成并表征了负载灵芝酸的玉米醇溶蛋白-壳聚糖纳米粒（GA-NPs），并研究了其在减轻小鼠模型酒精性肝损伤（ALI）方面的优势。GA-NPs表现出高包封率（92.68%）、小粒径（177.20 nm）和+29.53 mV的zeta电位。酒精性肝损伤小鼠模型的实验结果表明，GA-NPs显著改善肝脏代谢功能，通过降低乳酸脱氢酶活性和丙二醛水平减轻酒精诱导的肝脏氧化应激，同时增加肝脏抗氧化酶和乙醇脱氢酶的活性。此外，GA-NPs通过增加如 、 、 等益生菌的比例，有利于改善酒精暴露小鼠的肠道微生物群失调，这些益生菌与肝功能的改善高度相关。此外，GA-NPs调节了与乙醇代谢、氧化应激和脂质代谢相关的mRNA表达。总之，本研究表明，GA-NPs在通过调节肠道微生物群和肝脏代谢减轻ALI方面比未包封的灵芝酸具有更强的肝保护作用。
