Taghizadeh-Hesary Farzad, Ghadyani Mobina, Kashanchi Fatah, Behnam Babak
ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran.
Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Chester CH2 1BR, UK.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Aug 31;16(17):3044. doi: 10.3390/cancers16173044.
Cancer-specific antigens have been a significant area of focus in cancer treatment since their discovery in the mid-twentieth century. Cancer germline antigens are a class of antigens specifically overexpressed in germline tissues and cancer cells. Among these, TSGA10 (testis-specific gene antigen 10) is of great interest because of its crucial impact on cancer progression. Early studies explored expression in a variety of cancer types. More recent studies revealed that TSGA10 can suppress tumor progression by blocking cancer cell metabolism, angiogenesis, and metastasis. An open question regarding the TSGA10 is why cancer cells must express a protein that prevents their progression. To answer this question, we conducted a comprehensive review to engage the TSGA10 in the context of the current understanding of "malignant transformation". This review demonstrated that TSGA10 expression level in cancer cells depends on the cancer stage across malignant transformation. In addition, we evaluated how TSGA10 expression can prevent the "cancer hallmarks". Given this information, TSGA10 can be of great interest in developing effective targeted anti-cancer therapies.
自20世纪中叶发现癌症特异性抗原以来，它们一直是癌症治疗领域的一个重要研究焦点。癌症种系抗原是一类在种系组织和癌细胞中特异性过度表达的抗原。其中，TSGA10（睾丸特异性基因抗原10）因其对癌症进展的关键影响而备受关注。早期研究探索了其在多种癌症类型中的表达情况。最近的研究表明，TSGA10可以通过阻断癌细胞的代谢、血管生成和转移来抑制肿瘤进展。关于TSGA10的一个悬而未决的问题是，为什么癌细胞必须表达一种阻止其进展的蛋白质。为了回答这个问题，我们进行了一项全面综述，将TSGA10置于当前对“恶性转化”的理解背景下进行探讨。该综述表明，癌细胞中TSGA10的表达水平取决于恶性转化过程中的癌症阶段。此外，我们评估了TSGA10的表达如何预防“癌症标志”。鉴于这些信息，TSGA10在开发有效的靶向抗癌疗法方面可能具有重大意义。
