Robak Tadeusz, Braun Marcin, Janus Agnieszka, Guminska Anna, Robak Ewa
Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-738 Lodz, Poland.
Department of General Hematology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, 93-510 Lodz, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Sep 1;16(17):3054. doi: 10.3390/cancers16173054.
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare indolent B-cell lymphoid malignancy. The majority of patients are asymptomatic and HCL is usually diagnosed incidentally during a routine blood cell count. In symptomatic patients, typical symptoms are related to pancytopenia and splenomegaly. In this review, we present rare clinical symptoms in patients with HCL.
A literature search was conducted of PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar for articles concerning hairy cell leukemia, leukemia cutis, bone lesions, neurological manifestations, pulmonary symptoms, ocular manifestations, cardiac manifestation and rare symptoms. Publications from January 1980 to August 2024 were scrutinized. Additional relevant publications were obtained by reviewing the references from the chosen articles.
Extramedullary and extranodal manifestations of classic HCL are rare. However, leukemic involvement in the skin, bone, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, liver, lung, ocular system and other organs have been reported.
毛细胞白血病（HCL）是一种罕见的惰性B细胞淋巴恶性肿瘤。大多数患者无症状，HCL通常在常规血细胞计数时偶然被诊断出来。有症状的患者，典型症状与全血细胞减少和脾肿大有关。在本综述中，我们介绍了HCL患者的罕见临床症状。
在PubMed、科学网和谷歌学术上进行文献检索，以查找有关毛细胞白血病、皮肤白血病、骨病变、神经表现、肺部症状、眼部表现、心脏表现和罕见症状的文章。对1980年1月至2024年8月的出版物进行了审查。通过查阅所选文章的参考文献获得了其他相关出版物。
经典HCL的髓外和结外表现很少见。然而，已有报道白血病累及皮肤、骨骼、中枢神经系统、胃肠道、心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺、眼系统和其他器官。
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