State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Science and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 24;25(17):9194. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179194.
Marine algal toxins have garnered significant attention in the research community for their unique biochemical properties and potential medical applications. These bioactive compounds, produced by microalgae, pose significant risks due to their high toxicity, yet offer promising therapeutic benefits. Despite extensive research identifying over 300 marine algal toxins, including azaspiracids, brevetoxins, cyclic imines, and yessotoxins, gaps remain in the understanding of their pharmacological potential. In this paper, we critically review the classification, bioactive components, toxicology, pharmacological activities, and mechanisms of these toxins, with a particular focus on their clinical applications. Our motivation stems from the increasing interest in marine algal toxins as candidates for drug development, driven by their high specificity and affinity for various biological receptors. We aim to bridge the gap between toxicological research and therapeutic application, offering insights into the advantages and limitations of these compounds in comparison to other bioactive substances. This review not only enhances the understanding of marine algal toxins' complexity and diversity, but also highlights their extensive application potential in medicine and bioscience, providing a foundation for future research and development in this field.
海洋藻类毒素因其独特的生化特性和潜在的医学应用而在研究界引起了广泛关注。这些由微藻产生的生物活性化合物由于其高毒性而构成重大风险，但也具有有前途的治疗益处。尽管有大量研究确定了超过 300 种海洋藻类毒素，包括azaspiracids、brevetoxins、环状亚胺和 yessotoxins，但它们的药理学潜力仍存在理解上的差距。在本文中，我们批判性地回顾了这些毒素的分类、生物活性成分、毒理学、药理学活性和作用机制，特别关注它们的临床应用。我们的动机源于对海洋藻类毒素作为药物开发候选物的兴趣日益增加，这是由于它们对各种生物受体的高特异性和亲和力。我们旨在弥合毒理学研究和治疗应用之间的差距，比较这些化合物与其他生物活性物质的优缺点。这篇综述不仅增强了对海洋藻类毒素复杂性和多样性的理解，还突出了它们在医学和生物科学中的广泛应用潜力，为该领域的未来研究和发展提供了基础。
