Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 6 Traian Vuia Str., 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Splaiul Independentei 296, 060031 Bucharest, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 29;25(17):9371. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179371.
The paradigm "one drug fits all" or "one dose fits all" will soon be challenged by pharmacogenetics research and application. Drug response-efficacy or safety-depends on interindividual variability. The current clinical practice does not include genetic screening as a routine procedure and does not account for genetic variation. Patients with the same illness receive the same treatment, yielding different responses. Integrating pharmacogenomics in therapy would provide critical information about how a patient will respond to a certain drug. Worldwide, great efforts are being made to achieve a personalized therapy-based approach. Nevertheless, a global harmonized guideline is still needed. Plasma membrane proteins, like receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are ubiquitously expressed, being involved in a diverse array of physiopathological processes. Over 30% of drugs approved by the FDA target GPCRs, reflecting the importance of assessing the genetic variability among individuals who are treated with these drugs. Pharmacogenomics of transmembrane protein receptors is a dynamic field with profound implications for precision medicine. Understanding genetic variations in these receptors provides a framework for optimizing drug therapies, minimizing adverse reactions, and advancing the paradigm of personalized healthcare.
“一种药物适合所有人”或“一种剂量适合所有人”的范式将很快受到药物遗传学研究和应用的挑战。药物反应-疗效或安全性取决于个体间的变异性。目前的临床实践并未将基因筛查作为常规程序，也没有考虑到遗传变异。患有相同疾病的患者接受相同的治疗，但反应却不同。将药物遗传学整合到治疗中，将提供关于患者对特定药物反应的关键信息。在全球范围内，正在做出巨大努力以实现基于个性化治疗的方法。然而，仍然需要一个全球协调的指导方针。质膜蛋白，如受体酪氨酸激酶 (RTK) 和 G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR)，广泛表达，参与多种生理病理过程。超过 30% 的 FDA 批准的药物针对 GPCR，反映了评估使用这些药物治疗的个体遗传变异性的重要性。跨膜蛋白受体的药物遗传学是一个充满活力的领域，对精准医学具有深远的影响。了解这些受体中的遗传变异为优化药物治疗、最小化不良反应和推进个性化医疗的范例提供了框架。
