Tomie A, Loukas E, Stafford I, Peoples L, Wagner G C
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1985;86(1-2):217-22. doi: 10.1007/BF00431713.
All drug discrimination procedures share in common the practice of providing for multiple choice opportunities per training session. This practice allows nondrug cues (presence or absence of reinforcement) to mediate choice behavior during that portion of the session following the initial choice. Investigators who have acknowledged this problem typically use only first-trial choice performance to evaluate discriminative control by the drug cue, and consider additional choice training following the delivery or nondelivery of the first reinforcer to be facilitatory in establishing drug-mediated discriminative control. In this experiment, rats were trained to discriminate 4.0 mg/kg morphine from saline in a novel procedure that employed a single choice trial per training session. Choice performance was characterized during discrimination acquisition and in subsequent stimulus generalization testing. The results indicated that when all reinforcers are made contingent on correct performance during a single choice trial, rapid and stable control of drug-mediated choice behavior, is observed. In addition, the results demonstrated that additional choice training following the delivery or nondelivery of the first reinforcer is not a necessary antecedent toward establishing drug-mediated discriminative control.
所有药物辨别程序的共同之处在于，每次训练课程都提供多项选择机会。这种做法使得非药物线索（强化物的存在或缺失）能够在初始选择之后的那部分课程中调节选择行为。认识到这一问题的研究人员通常仅使用首次试验的选择表现来评估药物线索的辨别性控制，并认为在首次强化物给予或未给予之后进行额外的选择训练有助于建立药物介导的辨别性控制。在本实验中，采用了一种新颖的程序，即每次训练课程只进行一次选择试验，训练大鼠区分4.0毫克/千克吗啡和生理盐水。在辨别习得过程以及随后的刺激泛化测试中对选择表现进行了表征。结果表明，当所有强化物都取决于单次选择试验中的正确表现时，会观察到药物介导的选择行为得到快速而稳定的控制。此外，结果表明，在首次强化物给予或未给予之后进行额外的选择训练并非建立药物介导的辨别性控制的必要前提条件。
