Department of Drug Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, PL-02097 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Translational Immunology and Experimental Intensive Care, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Ceglowska 80, PL-01809 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 27;16(17):2860. doi: 10.3390/nu16172860.
Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men. Some studies suggest that selenium Se (+4) may help prevent prostate cancer. Certain forms of Se (+4), such as Selol, have shown anticancer activity with demonstrated pro-oxidative effects, which can lead to cellular damage and cell death, making them potential candidates for cancer therapy. Our recent study in healthy mice found that Selol changes the oxidative-antioxidative status in blood and tissue. However, there are no data on the effect of Selol in mice with tumors, considering that the tumor itself influences this balance. This research investigated the impact of Selol on tumor morphology and oxidative-antioxidative status in blood and tumors, which may be crucial for the formulation's effectiveness. Our study was conducted on healthy and tumor-bearing animal models, which were either administered Selol or not. We determined antioxidant enzyme activities (Se-GPx, GPx, GST, and TrxR) spectrophotometrically in blood and the tumor. Furthermore, we measured plasma prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, plasma and tumor malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as a biomarker of oxidative stress, selenium (Se) concentrations and the tumor ORAC value. Additionally, we assessed the impact of Selol on tumor morphology and the expression of p53, BCL2, and Ki-67. The results indicate that treatment with Selol influences the morphology of tumor cells, indicating a potential role in inducing cell death through necrosis. Long-term supplementation with Selol increased antioxidant enzyme activity in healthy animals and triggered oxidative stress in cancer cells, activating their antioxidant defense mechanisms. This research pathway shows promise in understanding the anticancer effects of Selol. Selol appears to increase the breakdown of cancer cells more effectively in small tumors than in larger ones. In advanced tumors, it may accelerate tumor growth if used as monotherapy. Therefore, further studies are necessary to evaluate its efficacy either in combination therapy or for the prevention of recurrence.
前列腺癌是男性癌症死亡的主要原因。一些研究表明，硒（+4）可能有助于预防前列腺癌。某些形式的硒（+4），如 Selol，已显示出抗癌活性，并具有明显的促氧化作用，这可能导致细胞损伤和细胞死亡，使它们成为癌症治疗的潜在候选药物。我们最近在健康小鼠中的研究发现，Selol 改变了血液和组织中的氧化-抗氧化状态。然而，对于患有肿瘤的小鼠，Selol 的效果尚无数据，因为肿瘤本身会影响这种平衡。这项研究调查了 Selol 对肿瘤形态和血液及肿瘤中氧化-抗氧化状态的影响，这对配方的有效性可能至关重要。我们的研究在健康和荷瘤动物模型中进行，这些模型要么接受 Selol 治疗，要么不接受。我们通过分光光度法测定了血液和肿瘤中的抗氧化酶活性（Se-GPx、GPx、GST 和 TrxR）。此外，我们还测定了血浆前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）水平、血浆和肿瘤丙二醛（MDA）浓度作为氧化应激的生物标志物、硒（Se）浓度和肿瘤 ORAC 值。此外，我们评估了 Selol 对肿瘤形态以及 p53、BCL2 和 Ki-67 表达的影响。结果表明，Selol 的治疗作用影响肿瘤细胞的形态，表明其通过坏死诱导细胞死亡的潜力。长期补充 Selol 可增加健康动物的抗氧化酶活性，并在癌细胞中引发氧化应激，激活其抗氧化防御机制。这条研究途径有望深入了解 Selol 的抗癌作用。Selol 似乎在较小的肿瘤中比在较大的肿瘤中更有效地增加癌细胞的分解。在晚期肿瘤中，作为单一疗法使用可能会加速肿瘤生长。因此，有必要进一步研究评估其联合治疗或预防复发的疗效。
