Institute of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Department of Medical Psychology, Neuropsychology, Gender Studies and Centre for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (Cendi), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2024 Sep;19(5):e12645. doi: 10.1111/opn.12645.
Group-based cognitive stimulation has shown short-term benefits for the cognitive outcomes of people with dementia living in nursing homes (NH). However, group participation can be a barrier for people with advanced dementia, bedridden people or isolated people. The CogStim24 project seeks to develop and implement a new psychosocial intervention based on cognitively stimulating (CS) activities integrated into daily nursing care. As part of the intervention development process, this study aimed to survey NH managers' attitudes and describe currently used approaches to CS activities in German NH.
We performed a multicentre cross-sectional study between September and December 2021 in randomly recruited NH in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. NH representatives were asked to fill in a self-developed online questionnaire. We analysed data descriptively, presenting means and standard deviations. For case scenario questions, we used a summative content analysis.
We contacted 354 NH and 106 agreed to participate. Representatives of 64 facilities completed the survey. Almost all stated to have implemented CS activities. Cognitive exercises (98%), physical and relaxation exercises (98%) and reminiscence therapy (95%) were most often used. The majority (96%) thought that CS activities could support people with dementia in maintaining their cognitive functions and that nurses should have a key role in the implementation of CS activities. More than half believed that regular CS activities were easy to implement alongside routine nursing care.
Results indicate that CS activities are frequently applied in German NH. The positive attitude of NH managers regarding the implementation and effects of CS activities is an important implementation resource.
Nursing staff should be more involved in providing CS activities for people with dementia. Training, information, and implementation material must be made available for nursing staff who wish to have an active role in providing CS activities.
基于小组的认知刺激已显示出对居住在养老院（NH）的痴呆症患者认知结果的短期益处。然而，小组参与对于患有晚期痴呆症、卧床不起或孤立无援的人来说可能是一个障碍。CogStim24 项目旨在开发和实施一种新的基于认知刺激（CS）活动的心理社会干预措施，这些活动整合到日常护理中。作为干预措施开发过程的一部分，本研究旨在调查 NH 管理人员的态度，并描述德国 NH 中目前使用的 CS 活动方法。
我们于 2021 年 9 月至 12 月在德国北莱茵-威斯特法伦州的随机招募的 NH 中进行了一项多中心横断面研究。NH 代表被要求填写一份自行开发的在线问卷。我们使用描述性方法分析数据，呈现均值和标准差。对于案例情景问题，我们使用了总结性内容分析。
我们联系了 354 家 NH，其中 106 家同意参与。64 家机构的代表完成了调查。几乎所有机构都表示已经实施了 CS 活动。认知练习（98%）、身体和放松练习（98%）和怀旧疗法（95%）是最常用的方法。大多数（96%）人认为 CS 活动可以帮助痴呆症患者保持认知功能，护士应在实施 CS 活动中发挥关键作用。超过一半的人认为定期进行 CS 活动与常规护理相结合很容易实施。
结果表明，CS 活动在德国 NH 中经常使用。NH 管理人员对实施和 CS 活动效果的积极态度是一个重要的实施资源。
护理人员应更多地参与为痴呆症患者提供 CS 活动。希望在提供 CS 活动中发挥积极作用的护理人员必须获得培训、信息和实施材料。
