China Pharmaceutical University, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
Medical Laboratory, Liuhe People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211500, Jiangsu, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Dec 5;142(Pt A):113137. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113137. Epub 2024 Sep 14.
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men, especially in Western societies. The objective of this research is to address the unmet need for effective treatments in advanced or recurrent PCa, where current strategies fall short of offering a cure. The focus is on leveraging immunotherapy and cancer vaccines to target the tumor's unique immunological microenvironment.
Despite immunotherapy's success in other cancers, its effectiveness in PCa has been limited by the tumor's immunosuppressive characteristics. However, cancer vaccines that engage Tumor-Specific Antigens (TSA) and Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAA) have emerged as a promising approach. Preclinical and clinical investigations of Dendritic Cell (DC) vaccines, DNA vaccines, mRNA vaccines, peptide vaccines, and viral vectors have shown their potential to elicit anti-tumor immune responses. The exploration of combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors and the advent of novel adjuvants and oral microparticle vaccines present innovative strategies to improve efficacy and compliance.
The development of cancer vaccines for PCa holds significant potential. Future directions include optimizing vaccine design, refining combination therapy strategies, and creating patient-friendly administration methods. The integration of interdisciplinary knowledge and innovative clinical trial designs is essential for advancing personalized and precision immunotherapy for PCa.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性癌症相关死亡的主要原因，尤其是在西方社会。本研究的目的是解决晚期或复发性 PCa 中有效治疗方法的未满足需求，因为目前的策略无法提供治愈方法。研究重点是利用免疫疗法和癌症疫苗来靶向肿瘤独特的免疫微环境。
尽管免疫疗法在其他癌症中取得了成功，但由于肿瘤的免疫抑制特性，其在 PCa 中的效果有限。然而，针对肿瘤特异性抗原（TSA）和肿瘤相关抗原（TAA）的癌症疫苗已成为一种很有前途的方法。树突状细胞（DC）疫苗、DNA 疫苗、mRNA 疫苗、肽疫苗和病毒载体的临床前和临床研究表明，它们具有引发抗肿瘤免疫反应的潜力。免疫检查点抑制剂联合治疗的探索以及新型佐剂和口服微粒疫苗的出现提供了提高疗效和顺应性的创新策略。
前列腺癌癌症疫苗的开发具有重要潜力。未来的方向包括优化疫苗设计、完善联合治疗策略以及创造患者友好的给药方法。整合跨学科知识和创新临床试验设计对于推进前列腺癌的个性化和精准免疫治疗至关重要。
