Rao Abhinav K, Lee Thomas J, Khokhar Hassan, Kalaveshi Sokol
Internal Medicine, Trident Medical Center, North Charleston, USA.
Internal Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 14;16(8):e66895. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66895. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Varicella pneumonitis is typically seen in individuals with risk factors such as male gender, smoking history, and immunocompromised state and is often associated with disseminated infection, whereas primary varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection usually involves a diffuse vesicular rash and rarely progresses to viral pneumonia. VZV pneumonitis accompanied by disseminated VZV infection is associated with a high mortality rate and may progress to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in severe cases. In addition to cutaneous lesions, patients typically develop dyspnea, cough, tachypnea, chest pain, fever, and hemoptysis. Here, we present a rare case of disseminated VZV infection in an immunocompetent patient with pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.
水痘肺炎通常见于具有男性性别、吸烟史和免疫功能低下状态等危险因素的个体，且常与播散性感染相关，而原发性水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）感染通常表现为弥漫性水疱疹，很少进展为病毒性肺炎。伴有播散性VZV感染的VZV肺炎死亡率高，严重时可能进展为弥漫性肺泡出血。除皮肤损害外，患者通常还会出现呼吸困难、咳嗽、呼吸急促、胸痛、发热和咯血。在此，我们报告一例免疫功能正常的患者发生播散性VZV感染并伴有肺炎和弥漫性肺泡出血的罕见病例。
