Kamaruddin Anita, Harun Wan Himratul Aznita Wan, Bakri Marina Mohd, Abidin Syafiq Asnawi Zainal, Giribabu Nelli, Syed Abdul Rahman Syarifah Nur
Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Heliyon. 2024 Jun 22;10(17):e33422. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33422. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
The growing problem of antimicrobial resistance on a global scale has highlighted the need to investigate alternative antimicrobial agents with reduced side effects. Plant-derived secondary metabolites have emerged as potential contenders in tackling this challenge. , a perennial plant, has traditionally been utilized for the treatment of gum boils, toothaches, and infections. This plant exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties. However, its potential as an antimicrobial agent against oral microorganisms has yet to be investigated. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial properties of extracts against selected bacteria and fungi commonly present in the oral cavity.
samples were collected from Bagan Datuk, Perak, Malaysia, and subsequently identified at Universiti Malaya. The ethanolic extract of the leaves (ELJC) and the stem bark latex (LJC) of were tested against six species of oral microorganism: s, , , , and a mixture of these microorganisms. The methods employed in this study were well diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bacterial concentration, live-dead assay, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
ELJC and LJC demonstrated significant antimicrobial effects (p < 0.05). Treatment with ELJC and LJC resulted in morphological changes and increased death rates in the targeted microorganisms. ELJC was found to contain more than 300 bioactive compounds, with isovitexin, being the most abundant. In contrast, LJC exhibited over 1000 bioactive compounds with 2-hexyl-decanoic acid and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid being the predominant constituents.
These findings suggest that the antimicrobial effects observed in ELJC and LJC against and can be primarily attributed to isovitexin, 2-hexyl-decanoic acid, and trihydroxybenzoic acid. However, further research and investigation are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms by which these constituents exert their antimicrobial effects on the microorganisms.
全球范围内日益严重的抗菌药物耐药性问题凸显了研究副作用较小的替代抗菌药物的必要性。植物衍生的次生代谢产物已成为应对这一挑战的潜在竞争者。[植物名称]是一种多年生植物，传统上一直用于治疗牙龈脓肿、牙痛和感染。这种植物具有广泛的药理特性。然而，其作为抗口腔微生物剂的潜力尚未得到研究。因此，本研究的目的是研究[植物名称]提取物对口腔中常见的选定细菌和真菌的抗菌特性。
从马来西亚霹雳州峇眼拿督采集[植物名称]样本，随后在马来亚大学进行鉴定。测试了[植物名称]叶片的乙醇提取物（ELJC）和茎皮乳胶（LJC）对六种口腔微生物的抗菌活性：[微生物名称1]、[微生物名称2]、[微生物名称3]、[微生物名称4]以及这些微生物的混合物。本研究采用的方法包括纸片扩散法、最低抑菌浓度测定、最低杀菌浓度测定、死活细胞检测、场发射扫描电子显微镜和液相色谱 - 串联质谱法。
ELJC和LJC表现出显著的抗菌效果（p < 0.05）。用ELJC和LJC处理导致目标微生物形态发生变化并死亡率增加。发现ELJC含有300多种生物活性化合物，其中异荭草素含量最高。相比之下，LJC表现出超过1000种生物活性化合物，其中2 - 己基 - 癸酸和2,4,6 - 三羟基苯甲酸是主要成分。
这些发现表明，ELJC和LJC对[微生物名称]和[微生物名称]的抗菌作用主要可归因于异荭草素、2 - 己基 - 癸酸和三羟基苯甲酸。然而，需要进一步的研究和调查来阐明这些成分对微生物发挥抗菌作用的机制。
