Antibacterial properties and GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extracts of (Baker) and (Fresen).

Conventional antibiotics are associated with various side-effects. Therefore, there is need of using plant-derived antibiotics with fewer side-effects. and , which have been extensively utilized in the Mbeere community, were studied to support their folkloric use and demonstrate their antibacterial capabilities. Typhi ATCC 1408, ATCC 21332, ATCC 25923, and ATCC 25922 were all used in this study. As a standard reference, Ciprofloxacin (100 μg/ml) was employed, and 5% DMSO was used as a negative reference. Tests for antibacterial activities included disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentrations, and bactericidal concentrations. exhibited effects on only with Mean Zone Inhibition (MZI) of 07.07 ± 0.07 to 12.33 ± 0.33 mm and 08.33 ± 0.33 to 11.67 ± 0.33 mm for stem bark and leaf extracts respectively. While extract had effects on with MZI of 07.67 ± 0.33 to 14.67 ± 0.33 mm and with MZI of 09.67 ± 0.33 to 14.33 ± 0.33 mm. Ciprofloxacin demonstrated significantly higher activities as compared to the plant extracts in all the concentrations ( < 005), while 5% DMSO had no activity. GC-MS analysis demonstrated the availability of compounds with known antibacterial effects. Therefore, the current study recommends ethnomedicinal and therapeutic use of and as antibacterial agents.