Exploring firm and country's specific factors affecting carbon emission reduction performance: Study on selected ASEAN countries.

The research aims to analyze the determinants that impact a company's capability to mitigate carbon emissions in various ASEAN countries, specifically Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Singapore. The investigation delves into company-specific factors, including corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy, green innovation, corporate governance, and product responsibility, as well as country-specific factors such as voice and accountability, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, and the rule of law. The results reveal that all examined company-specific factors exhibit a positive and significant influence on a company's capability to reduce carbon emissions. Nonetheless, the influence of country-specific factors on emission reduction performance remains indefinite. While regulatory quality and government effectiveness are significantly associated with a company's emission reduction performance, the same relationship does not apply to voice and accountability and the rule of law.