Radiotherapy (RT) is recognized as a primary treatment modality for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, enhancing RT's targeting accuracy and selectivity remains a significant challenge. In this study, we present an innovative radiosensitizer, Gd-metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanocarrier coated with indocyanine green (ICG) and red blood cell membrane (RBCM), designed to bypass immune clearance and achieve prolonged circulation within the bloodstream. This design significantly enhances tumor localization and systemic circulation, as evidenced by in vivo analyses. The strategic accumulation of the Gd-MOF-ICG nanocarrier at the tumor site facilitates precise tumor localization and sensitization to RT, leveraging the RBCM camouflage to enhance the tumor uptake potential. Our comprehensive study introduces a potent approach for optimizing RT in NPC treatment through this advanced theranostic nanoplatform, which combines material science with biomedical engineering to augment the effectiveness of RT and underscores the significance of precision in cancer therapy. This strategy offers a promising avenue for clinical application and further research in targeted cancer treatments.