Saikia Shyamalima, Chetia Pankaj
Molecular Plant Taxonomy and Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India.
Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India.
Indian J Microbiol. 2024 Sep;64(3):821-845. doi: 10.1007/s12088-024-01285-8. Epub 2024 Apr 29.
Antibiotics are the super drugs that have revolutionized modern medicine by curing many infectious diseases caused by various microbes. They efficiently inhibit the growth and multiplication of the pathogenic microbes without causing adverse effects on the host. However, prescribing suboptimal antibiotic and overuse in agriculture and animal husbandry have led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, one of the most serious threats to global health at present. The efficacy of a new antibiotic is high when introduced; however, a small bacterial population attains resistance gradually and eventually survives. Understanding the mode of action of these miracle drugs, as well as their interaction with targets is very complex. However, it is necessary to fulfill the constant need for novel therapeutic alternatives to address the inevitable development of resistance. Therefore, considering the need of the hour, this article has been prepared to discuss the mode of action and recent advancements in the field of antibiotics. Efforts has also been made to highlight the current scenario of antimicrobial resistance and drug repurposing as a fast-track solution to combat the issue.
抗生素是超级药物，通过治愈许多由各种微生物引起的传染病，彻底改变了现代医学。它们能有效抑制致病微生物的生长和繁殖，而不会对宿主产生不良影响。然而，在农业和畜牧业中开具不合理的抗生素处方以及过度使用抗生素，导致了抗菌药物耐药性的出现，这是目前全球健康面临的最严重威胁之一。一种新抗生素刚推出时疗效很高；然而，一小部分细菌种群会逐渐产生耐药性并最终存活下来。了解这些神奇药物的作用方式以及它们与靶点的相互作用非常复杂。然而，有必要不断满足对新型治疗方法替代方案的需求，以应对不可避免的耐药性发展。因此，考虑到当前的需求，撰写本文以讨论抗生素的作用方式和该领域的最新进展。还努力强调了抗菌药物耐药性的现状以及药物重新利用作为应对该问题的快速解决方案。
