McHugh Sean W, Donoghue Michael J, Landis Michael J
Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, Rebstock Hall, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, Environmental Science Center, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA.
bioRxiv. 2024 Sep 2:2024.08.30.610561. doi: 10.1101/2024.08.30.610561.
Where each species actually lives is distinct from where it could potentially survive and persist. This suggests that it may be important to distinguish established from enabled biome affinities when considering how ancestral species moved and evolved among major habitat types. We introduce a new phylogenetic method, called RFBS, to model how anagenetic and cladogenetic events cause established and enabled biome affinities (or, more generally, other discrete realized versus fundamental niche states) to shift over evolutionary timescale. We provide practical guidelines for how to assign established and enabled biome affinity states to extant taxa, using the flowering plant clade Viburnum as a case study. Through a battery of simulation experiments, we show that RFBS performs well, even when we have realistically imperfect knowledge of enabled biome affinities for most analyzed species. We also show that RFBS reliably discerns established from enabled affinities, with similar accuracy to standard competing models that ignore the existence of enabled biome affinities. Lastly, we apply RFBS to Viburnum to infer ancestral biomes throughout the tree and to highlight instances where repeated shifts between established affinities for warm and cold temperate forest biomes were enabled by a stable and slowly-evolving enabled affinity for both temperate biomes.
每个物种实际生存的地方与其潜在能够生存和延续的地方是不同的。这表明，在考虑祖先物种如何在主要栖息地类型之间迁移和进化时，区分已确立的生物群落亲和力和潜在的生物群落亲和力可能很重要。我们引入了一种新的系统发育方法，称为RFBS，以模拟前进演化和分支演化事件如何导致已确立的和潜在的生物群落亲和力（或者更一般地说，其他离散的实际生态位状态与基本生态位状态）在进化时间尺度上发生变化。我们以开花植物类群荚蒾属为例，提供了如何为现存分类单元分配已确立的和潜在的生物群落亲和力状态的实用指南。通过一系列模拟实验，我们表明，即使我们对大多数分析物种的潜在生物群落亲和力的了解实际并不完善，RFBS也能表现良好。我们还表明，RFBS能够可靠地辨别已确立的亲和力和潜在的亲和力，其准确性与忽略潜在生物群落亲和力存在的标准竞争模型相似。最后，我们将RFBS应用于荚蒾属，以推断整个树中的祖先生物群落，并突出显示在对温带生物群落具有稳定且缓慢进化的潜在亲和力的情况下，冷暖温带森林生物群落已确立的亲和力之间反复转变的实例。
