Mengesha Endalkachew Worku, Tessema Gizachew A, Assefa Yibeltal, Alene Getu Degu
Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Prev Med Rep. 2024 Aug 27;46:102869. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102869. eCollection 2024 Oct.
To develop and validate a social capital assessment tool that considers the cultural and social realities of north-western Ethiopia.
A mixed-methods approach was applied through rigorous phases. Existing measurement approaches for social capital are reviewed. Additionally, a qualitative study was conducted for domain and item identification. The domains and their items were given to panel experts and rated for content validity. Cognitive interviews were conducted with mothers who gave birth in the previous year. For psychometric validation of the tool, 400 mothers who lived in South Gondar zone participated from January 2 to 27, 2023.
Five factors of structural social capital were extracted. These include group participation, emotional, social, financial, and informational support. The content validity index of the scale was 0.88, indicating that 88% of the experts rated the items of the scale as relevant. The loading of the items ranged from 0.505 to 0.858, exceeding the threshold of 0.50. For cognitive social capital, factor analysis grouped 43 items into four subscales: trust in social networks, trust in institutions, trust in the health care system, and social cohesion. The loadings of the items ranged from 0.507 to 0.913. The internal consistency reliability of the scale was excellent, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.901.
The Maternal Social Capital Assessment Tool is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring social capital during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. The application of such a tool could allow us to decipher the influence of social capital on maternal health.
开发并验证一种考虑埃塞俄比亚西北部文化和社会现实的社会资本评估工具。
采用混合方法，历经严格阶段。对现有的社会资本测量方法进行了综述。此外，开展了一项定性研究以确定领域和项目。将这些领域及其项目提交给专家小组进行内容效度评级。对前一年分娩的母亲进行了认知访谈。为对该工具进行心理测量学验证，2023年1月2日至27日，400名居住在南贡德尔地区的母亲参与了研究。
提取了结构社会资本的五个因素。这些因素包括群体参与、情感支持、社会支持、经济支持和信息支持。该量表的内容效度指数为0.88，表明88%的专家将量表项目评定为相关。项目载荷范围为0.505至0.858，超过了0.50的阈值。对于认知社会资本，因子分析将43个项目分为四个子量表：对社交网络的信任、对机构的信任、对医疗保健系统的信任和社会凝聚力。项目载荷范围为0.507至0.913。该量表的内部一致性信度极佳，克朗巴哈系数为0.901。
孕产妇社会资本评估工具是一种有效且可靠的工具，可用于测量孕期、分娩期及产后的社会资本。应用这样一种工具能够使我们解读社会资本对孕产妇健康的影响。
