Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Blvd. West, Suite 525, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1457:265-283. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-61939-7_15.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has emerged as a potential complication of COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Various mechanisms by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus can cause hearing loss have been reported, including direct viral invasion, neuroinflammation, blood flow disturbances, and immune-mediated response. However, the temporal relationship between COVID-19 infection and SSNHL remains unclear, with mixed findings and conflicting results reported in different studies. Similarly, while anecdotal reports have linked COVID-19 vaccination to SSNHL, evidence remains scarce. Establishing a correlation between COVID-19 vaccines and SSNHL implies a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis involving interactions between the immune system and the body's stress response. Nevertheless, it is important to consider the overwhelming evidence of the vaccines' safety and efficacy in limiting the spread of the disease and remains the primordial tool in reducing death.
突发性聋（SSNHL）已成为 COVID-19 感染和疫苗接种的潜在并发症。有报道称，SARS-CoV-2 病毒可通过多种机制导致听力损失，包括直接病毒侵袭、神经炎症、血流紊乱和免疫介导反应。然而，COVID-19 感染与 SSNHL 之间的时间关系尚不清楚，不同研究的结果存在差异和矛盾。同样，虽然有传闻称 COVID-19 疫苗与 SSNHL 有关，但证据仍然缺乏。在 COVID-19 疫苗和 SSNHL 之间建立关联意味着涉及免疫系统和身体应激反应之间相互作用的复杂多因素发病机制。然而，考虑到疫苗在限制疾病传播方面的安全性和有效性的压倒性证据仍然很重要，并且仍然是降低死亡率的首要工具。
