Pajari J
Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:347-50. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8560347.
This paper attempts to clarify the most common measures available for the fire and electrical engineer in the prevention of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) hazards. It points out the risks and the potential for making large risks involved in the use of transformers and capacitors more manageable. The focus in solving the PCB problem is on priority. This should be reflected in the agenda of the workshop: it should discuss not only transformers and capacitors as such, but deal more with questions concerning waste disposal, getting correct information to people on substances containing PCBs and on the proper and nonpanicky handling of such substances. The PCB issue does not lend itself to any black and white solution. Instead, a number of different aspects have to be taken into account. Any solutions arrived at are therefore always compromises between risk evaluation and cost effectiveness. Reduction of PCB risks does not have to result, for example, in an increase in fire risks. It is preferable to move step by step and avoid making irretractable decisions. Alternatives available for replacing PCB-filled devices or the widely used method of refilling PCB-filled transformers with silicone oils are not discussed. Refilling is not dealt with because its capacity to reduce the fire risk sufficiently in locations where these transformers are usually found in northern Europe is not known with certainty.
本文试图阐明火灾与电气工程师预防多氯联苯（PCB）危害时可用的最常见措施。它指出了风险以及使变压器和电容器使用中涉及的重大风险更易于管理的可能性。解决PCB问题的重点在于优先级。这应体现在研讨会的议程中：它不仅应讨论变压器和电容器本身，还应更多地处理有关废物处理的问题，向人们提供关于含PCB物质的正确信息以及关于此类物质的正确且不恐慌的处理方法。PCB问题不存在任何简单的解决方案。相反，必须考虑许多不同方面。因此，任何达成的解决方案始终是风险评估与成本效益之间的折衷。例如，降低PCB风险不一定会导致火灾风险增加。最好逐步推进，避免做出不可挽回的决定。本文未讨论用于替换含PCB设备的替代方案或用硅油重新填充含PCB变压器这种广泛使用的方法。未涉及重新填充是因为其在北欧通常发现这些变压器的场所充分降低火灾风险的能力尚不确定。
