Coelho Tayane, Cardoso Camila Novais, Carvalho Marcel Jhonnata Ferreira, Dos Santos Jean Nunes, Ribeiro Daniel Araki, Cury Patricia Ramos
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62, Canela, CEP 40110-150, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 Sep 16. doi: 10.1007/s12011-024-04357-4.
Periodontal disease, one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by dysbiotic dental biofilms that trigger the host's immune response. Periodontitis is a type of periodontal disease characterized by the destruction of tissues that support the teeth. The disease is influenced by various systemic and environmental risk factors. As heavy metals have been associated with the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, the present scoping review aimed to determine the coverage of the literature on whether human contamination by heavy metals affects periodontitis, as well as their mechanisms of action. Eight studies were selected, and two reviewers evaluated them. Most studies were cross-sectional studies involving humans and one study was performed on rats. Our review revealed a significant correlation between periodontitis and bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium. Oxidative stress generated by trace metals, characterized by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, causes tissue damage through lipid peroxidation, enzymatic oxidation, and stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, heavy metals contamination may be a risk factor for the development of periodontitis. Oxidative stress factors seem to increase the extent of the inflammatory response.
牙周病是全球最普遍的疾病之一，是由引发宿主免疫反应的功能失调牙菌斑生物膜引起的慢性炎症性疾病。牙周炎是一种牙周病，其特征是支持牙齿的组织遭到破坏。该疾病受多种全身和环境风险因素影响。由于重金属与慢性炎症性疾病的发展有关，因此本综述旨在确定关于重金属污染人体是否会影响牙周炎及其作用机制的文献覆盖范围。我们选取了八项研究，并由两名评审员对其进行评估。大多数研究是涉及人类的横断面研究，一项研究是在大鼠身上进行的。我们的综述揭示了牙周炎与铅和镉生物蓄积之间存在显著相关性。以活性氧水平升高为特征的微量金属产生的氧化应激，通过脂质过氧化、酶促氧化和促炎细胞因子的刺激导致组织损伤。总之，重金属污染可能是牙周炎发展的一个风险因素。氧化应激因素似乎会增加炎症反应的程度。
