Svensén Sofia, Bolstad Ingeborg, Ødbehr Liv Skomakerstuen, Larsson Gerry
Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
Swedish Defence University, Karlstad, Sweden.
Front Psychol. 2024 Sep 2;15:1456282. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1456282. eCollection 2024.
Comorbid anxiety and depression are common and can make the problems more complex and sometimes resistant to pharmacological treatment. In existing research, the diagnoses are often studied separately, and physical activity, healthy nutrition, psychoeducation, and social support have shown good effects. The aim of the present study was to explore the longitudinal effects of a comprehensive treatment on patients with comorbid anxiety and depression in a clinical context.
Eighty inpatients (15 men and 65 women) in age range 23-65 years receiving psychiatric treatment in Norwegian clinic participated in the longitudinal study. Treatment was person-centered and was most frequently given for anxiety and depression, e.g., pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy, individually and in groups. In combination with this, physical activity, healthy nutrition, psychoeducation and social support in contacts with authorities and relatives were also a part of treatment. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory at three points in time: baseline, at the end of treatment, and 3 months after treatment. The answers were categorized and combined into four groups according to severity of anxiety and depression to measure effects on comorbidity. Mann Whitney U test, Chi-square, Friedmans test, and McNemar test were used to analyze the data.
The results showed a significant increase of frequencies in the group with mild anxiety and depression 3 months past treatment compared to baseline.
Through the comprehensive, person-centered treatment more patients had low levels of both anxiety and depression 3 months after treatment. We suggest that clinics working with comorbid depression and anxiety patients should add physical activity, nutrition advice, social support, and psychoeducation to the traditional treatment regimes. More research concerning comorbid anxiety and depression are urgent to further expand the treatment possibilities.
焦虑和抑郁共病很常见，会使问题变得更加复杂，有时还会导致药物治疗效果不佳。在现有研究中，通常分别对这些诊断进行研究，而体育活动、健康营养、心理教育和社会支持已显示出良好效果。本研究的目的是在临床环境中探讨综合治疗对焦虑和抑郁共病患者的长期影响。
80名年龄在23 - 65岁之间、在挪威诊所接受精神治疗的住院患者（15名男性和65名女性）参与了这项纵向研究。治疗以患者为中心，最常针对焦虑和抑郁进行，例如药物治疗和心理治疗，包括个体治疗和团体治疗。与此同时，体育活动、健康营养、心理教育以及与当局和亲属接触时的社会支持也是治疗的一部分。在三个时间点使用贝克焦虑量表和贝克抑郁量表评估抑郁和焦虑情况：基线、治疗结束时以及治疗后3个月。根据焦虑和抑郁的严重程度将答案分类并合并为四组，以衡量对共病的影响。使用曼-惠特尼U检验、卡方检验、弗里德曼检验和麦克尼马尔检验分析数据。
结果显示，与基线相比，治疗后3个月轻度焦虑和抑郁组的频率显著增加。
通过全面的、以患者为中心的治疗，更多患者在治疗后3个月时焦虑和抑郁水平较低。我们建议，治疗焦虑和抑郁共病患者的诊所应在传统治疗方案中增加体育活动、营养建议、社会支持和心理教育。迫切需要开展更多关于焦虑和抑郁共病的研究，以进一步扩大治疗选择。
