Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A, Spinola Stanley M
Infectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2024 Dec 10;37(4):e0013524. doi: 10.1128/cmr.00135-24. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
SUMMARYChancroid, a sexually transmitted infection caused by , is characterized by painful genital ulcers (GU) and inguinal lymphadenitis. was recently described as a major cause of non-sexually transmitted cutaneous ulcers (CU) on the lower legs in children in yaws-endemic regions. This review explores the relationship between CU and GU strains of ; their clinical presentation, diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment; and how findings from a human challenge model relate to GU and CU. We contrast the decline of GU with the persistence of CU caused by . Factors such as transmission dynamics, control, and elimination efforts are discussed. Syndromic management and targeted treatment of sex workers can eradicate chancroid, while skin colonization by CU strains and environmental factors may necessitate topical treatments or vaccination for CU eradication. Efforts should focus on identifying additional reservoirs of CU strains, improving hygiene, and eliminating asymptomatic colonization to eradicate this painful infection in children.
摘要软下疳是由[病原体名称未给出]引起的一种性传播感染，其特征为疼痛性生殖器溃疡（GU）和腹股沟淋巴结炎。[病原体名称未给出]最近被描述为雅司病流行地区儿童小腿非性传播皮肤溃疡（CU）的主要病因。本综述探讨了[病原体名称未给出]的CU菌株与GU菌株之间的关系；它们的临床表现、诊断、流行病学和治疗；以及人类激发模型的研究结果如何与GU和CU相关。我们对比了由[病原体名称未给出]引起的GU的减少与CU的持续存在。讨论了传播动态、控制和消除努力等因素。对性工作者进行综合征管理和针对性治疗可以根除软下疳，而CU菌株的皮肤定植和环境因素可能需要局部治疗或接种疫苗以根除CU。应努力集中于识别CU菌株的其他储存宿主、改善卫生状况以及消除无症状定植，以根除儿童中的这种疼痛性感染。
