Zhang Yao, Gong Yucui, Hu Jiayun, Zhang Le, Benito María José, Usmanov Durbek, Nishanbaev Sabir Z, Song Xinjie, Zou Ligen, Wu Yuanfeng
School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang, China.
Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2025 Jan 30;105(2):967-973. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13887. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
Saffron petals are usually considered as waste after saffron harvest. However, saffron petals contain many important phytochemical components (e.g. quercetin and kaempferol), which may alleviate oxidative damage in human cells.
The contents of flavonoids and crocin in different parts of saffron were analyzed. The protective effects of flavonoids from saffron on oxidative damage of B16 cells were investigated. Saffron stigma contained high contents of crocin and picrocrocin, whereas flavonoid content (quercetin, 4.03 ± 0.33 mg g DW; kaempferol, 47.80 ± 0.60 mg g DW) was higher in saffron petals than in other parts. Incubation of B16 cells with quercetin (10-30 μmol L) and kaempferol (20-30 μmol L) obtained from saffron extracts could significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the activity of NADPH:dehydrogenase quinone-1 (NQO1) to alleviate HO-induced oxidative damage. Quercetin was better than kaempferol in increasing NQO1 activity and T-AOC. Quercetin extracted from saffron petals could induce NQO1 expression through regulating kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 signaling pathway to protect B16 cells from oxidative damage.
The content of kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and quercetin-3-O-sophoroside was higher in saffron petals than in other parts of saffron. The kaempferol and quercetin obtained from saffron petals could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme NQO1 and T-AOC in B16 cells. This indicated that saffron petals, as a potential functional food, may prevent diseases caused by oxidative stress. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
藏红花收获后，其花瓣通常被视为废弃物。然而，藏红花花瓣含有许多重要的植物化学成分（如槲皮素和山奈酚），这些成分可能减轻人体细胞中的氧化损伤。
分析了藏红花不同部位的黄酮类化合物和藏红花素含量。研究了藏红花中的黄酮类化合物对B16细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。藏红花柱头含有高含量的藏红花素和苦藏花素，而藏红花花瓣中的黄酮类化合物含量（槲皮素，4.03±0.33mg/g干重；山奈酚，47.80±0.60mg/g干重）高于其他部位。用从藏红花提取物中获得的槲皮素（10 - 30μmol/L）和山奈酚（20 - 30μmol/L）孵育B16细胞，可显著提高总抗氧化能力（T - AOC）和NADPH：脱氢酶醌 - 1（NQO1）的活性，以减轻过氧化氢诱导的氧化损伤。在提高NQO1活性和T - AOC方面，槲皮素优于山奈酚。从藏红花花瓣中提取的槲皮素可通过调节kelch样ECH相关蛋白 - 1/核因子红细胞2相关因子 - 2信号通路诱导NQO1表达，从而保护B16细胞免受氧化损伤。
藏红花花瓣中3 - O - 槐糖苷山奈酚和3 - O - 槐糖苷槲皮素的含量高于藏红花的其他部位。从藏红花花瓣中获得的山奈酚和槲皮素可增强B16细胞中抗氧化酶NQO1的活性和T - AOC。这表明藏红花花瓣作为一种潜在的功能性食品，可能预防由氧化应激引起的疾病。©2024化学工业协会。
