School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Xi'an Territorial and Spatial Information, Xi'an, 710054, China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Nov;370:122460. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122460. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
China has explicitly prioritized the enhancement of ecosystem quality and stability(EQS) as a governmental objective. However, our understanding of systematic and comprehensive assessment methods for EQS remains limited. The development and investigation of corresponding evaluation frameworks and their underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently explored. This study employs the concept of an "ideal reference system and key indicators," integrating diverse ecosystem and human activity characteristics from perspectives such as ecosystem structure, function, and landscape vulnerability, to determine indicator weights using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and entropy weight method, thereby constructing an evaluation framework for assessing the quality and stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) ecosystem. The spatiotemporal variations in EQS from 2000 to 2018 were examined, and the key driving factors were identified using the optimal parameter-based geographical detector (OPGD). The results indicate that the EQS of the QTP exhibit a spatial distribution pattern characterized by higher values in the southeast and lower values in the northwest. From 2000 to 2018, there has been a consistent improvement in the overall ecosystem quality and stability across the QTP. The EQS exhibit a significant synergistic effect, with high-high(26.59 ± 1.26%) and low-low(32.61 ± 1.45%) matching combinations becoming the predominant regional patterns. However, in climatic transition zones and glacial areas, the relationship between these factors is particularly distinctive, indicating ecosystem response mechanisms specific to certain natural environmental conditions. Vegetation cover(>0.697), evapotranspiration(>0.620), and precipitation(>0.688) are the primary natural factors influencing EQS, while the impact of human activities has become increasingly significant. Furthermore, the research findings underscore the positive effects of the variable climatic conditions of the QTP on ecosystems within the context of global climate warming, while the stringent implementation of ecological protection measures has collectively contributed to the enhancement of EQS. The proposed evaluation framework not only facilitates a comprehensive and precise assessment of regional EQS, but also provides a scientific basis for understanding and managing the adaptive responses of plateau ecosystems under the complex interplay of natural and anthropogenic factors.
中国明确将提升生态系统质量和稳定性（EQS）作为政府目标。然而，我们对 EQS 的系统和全面评估方法的理解仍然有限。相应评估框架及其潜在机制的开发和研究仍未得到充分探索。本研究采用“理想参考系统和关键指标”的概念，从生态系统结构、功能和景观脆弱性等方面综合了多种生态系统和人类活动特征，利用层次分析法（AHP）和熵权法确定指标权重，构建了青藏高原（QTP）生态系统质量和稳定性评价框架。本研究还分析了 2000 年至 2018 年 EQS 的时空变化，并利用最优参数地理探测器（OPGD）确定了关键驱动因素。结果表明，QTP 的 EQS 呈东南高西北低的空间分布格局。2000 年至 2018 年，QTP 整体生态系统质量和稳定性持续提高。EQS 呈显著协同效应，高-高（26.59±1.26%）和低-低（32.61±1.45%）匹配组合成为主要区域模式。然而，在气候过渡带和冰川区，这些因素之间的关系尤为显著，表明特定自然环境条件下存在生态系统响应机制。植被覆盖（>0.697）、蒸散量（>0.620）和降水量（>0.688）是影响 EQS 的主要自然因素，而人类活动的影响变得越来越重要。此外，研究结果强调了 QTP 气候条件变化对全球气候变暖背景下生态系统的积极影响，同时严格执行生态保护措施也共同促进了 EQS 的提升。所提出的评价框架不仅便于对区域 EQS 进行全面、精确的评估，而且为理解和管理高原生态系统在自然和人为因素复杂相互作用下的适应响应提供了科学依据。
