State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 9;19(9):5753. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095753.
Nature-based recreation (NBR) is an important cultural ecosystem service providing human well-being from natural environments. As the most concentrated and high-quality wilderness in China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has unique advantages for NBR. In this study, we designed an integrated nature-based recreation potential index (INRPI) based on four aspects: nature-based recreation resources, landscape attractiveness, recreation comfort and opportunity, and recreation reception ability. A combination of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy evaluation method was adopted to assess the NBR potential in the QTP from 2000 to 2020. The research shows that: (i) The INRPI for the QTP decreases gradually from southeast to northwest and increases slightly from 2000 to 2020. (ii) The INRPI displays a pronounced difference on either side of the Qilian-Gyirong line. The areas with very high and high potentials mainly distributed in the southeast of the line, while areas with very low and low potentials distributed in the northwest. (iii) The construction of protected areas effectively improves NBR potential. Areas of INRPI at diverse levels within protected areas obviously increased in 2020. (iv) Increasing altitude has a notable effect on INRPI, and 3000 m is a critical dividing line for the NBR in the QTP. These findings can contribute to decision-makers in guiding rational use and spatial planning of natural land and promoting sustainable recreational development.
基于自然的休闲活动（NBR）是从自然环境中提供人类福祉的一项重要文化生态系统服务。作为中国最集中和高质量的荒野地区，青藏高原（QTP）在 NBR 方面具有独特的优势。在本研究中，我们设计了一个综合的基于自然的休闲潜力指数（INRPI），基于四个方面：基于自然的休闲资源、景观吸引力、休闲舒适度和机会以及休闲接待能力。采用层次分析法（AHP）和熵评价法相结合的方法，评估了 2000 年至 2020 年青藏高原的 NBR 潜力。研究结果表明：（i）青藏高原的 INRPI 从东南向西北逐渐降低，从 2000 年到 2020 年略有增加。（ii）Qilian-Gyirong 线两侧的 INRPI 差异明显。高潜力和高潜力区主要分布在该线的东南部，而低潜力和低潜力区则分布在西北部。（iii）保护区的建设有效地提高了 NBR 潜力。保护区内各级 INRPI 区域在 2020 年明显增加。（iv）海拔高度对 INRPI 有显著影响，3000 米是青藏高原 NBR 的一个重要分界线。这些发现有助于决策者指导自然土地的合理利用和空间规划，促进可持续的休闲发展。
