Khuu My Phung, Paeslack Nadja, Dremova Olga, Benakis Corinne, Kiouptsi Klytaimnistra, Reinhardt Christoph
Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2025 Feb;22(2):121-137. doi: 10.1038/s41569-024-01070-6. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
The gut microbiota has emerged as an environmental risk factor that affects thrombotic phenotypes in several cardiovascular diseases. Evidence includes the identification of marker species by sequencing studies of the gut microbiomes of patients with thrombotic disease, the influence of antithrombotic therapies on gut microbial diversity, and preclinical studies in mouse models of thrombosis that have demonstrated the functional effects of the gut microbiota on vascular inflammatory phenotypes and thrombus formation. In addition to impaired gut barrier function promoting low-grade inflammation, gut microbiota-derived metabolites have been shown to act on vascular cell types and promote thrombus formation. Therefore, these meta-organismal pathways that link the metabolic capacities of gut microorganisms with host immune functions have emerged as potential diagnostic markers and novel drug targets. In this Review, we discuss the link between the gut microbiota, its metabolites and thromboembolic diseases.
肠道微生物群已成为一种环境风险因素，影响多种心血管疾病的血栓形成表型。证据包括通过对血栓形成疾病患者的肠道微生物群进行测序研究来鉴定标记物种、抗血栓治疗对肠道微生物多样性的影响，以及血栓形成小鼠模型的临床前研究，这些研究证明了肠道微生物群对血管炎症表型和血栓形成的功能作用。除了受损的肠道屏障功能会促进低度炎症外，肠道微生物群衍生的代谢产物已被证明可作用于血管细胞类型并促进血栓形成。因此，这些将肠道微生物的代谢能力与宿主免疫功能联系起来的元生物体途径已成为潜在的诊断标志物和新型药物靶点。在本综述中，我们讨论了肠道微生物群及其代谢产物与血栓栓塞性疾病之间的联系。
