Kelkar Anuradha, Sharma Ojasvi, Jain Saksham, Paidlewar Sayali, Pandey Ankita, Julakanti Sravya, Varma Akhil
Department of Radiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 18;16(8):e67103. doi: 10.7759/cureus.67103. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Background Pathologies affecting the ankle joint and hindfoot can present with a variety of clinical symptoms and etiologies, necessitating accurate diagnostic tools for effective management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable imaging modality for assessing these pathologies, providing detailed visualization of bone, joint, tendon, and other soft tissue abnormalities. Objectives To evaluate MRI findings in a diverse cohort of 105 participants with pathologies affecting the ankle joint and hindfoot, focusing on the prevalence and types of bone, joint, tendon, and soft tissue abnormalities. Materials and methods A single-center observational descriptive study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India, over a period from August 2022 to July 2024, involving 105 participants (54.3% male, 45.7% female) with a mean age of 39.04 years. MRI scans were analyzed to assess the prevalence of bone, joint, tendon, and soft tissue pathologies. Clinical profiles, symptom duration, and etiological classifications were documented. Results Analysis of the results obtained from 105 (N = 105) study participants revealed that pain (94.3%, or 99 cases) was the most common symptom, followed by restricted movement (86.7%, or 91 cases), trauma history (75.2%, or 79 cases), and swelling (73.3%, or 77 cases). Traumatic causes (76.2%, or 80 cases) predominated, while inflammatory (48.3%, or 14 cases) and infective (34.5%, or 10 cases) causes were also significant. MRI findings showed marrow edema in 41.9%, or 44 cases, subchondral cysts in 22.9% (24 cases), fractures in 17.1% (18 cases), and erosions in 10.5% of participants (11 cases). Joint involvement was most frequent in the tibiotalar (76.2%, or 80 cases) and subtalar joints (58.1%, or 61 cases). Tendon pathologies included peritendonitis (55.2%, or 58 cases) and tendinosis (23.8%, or 25 cases), with the Achilles tendon being the most frequently affected (39%, or 41 cases). Ligament injuries were predominantly sprains (46.7%, or 49 cases), with less frequent partial (18.1%, or 19 cases) and complete tears (7.6%, or eight cases). Soft tissue findings included subcutaneous edema (76.2%, or 80 cases) and bursitis (24.8%, or 26 cases). Among the study participants who presented with non-traumatic pathologies, inflammatory pathologies (48.3%, or 14 cases) were the most common, followed by infective (34.5%, or 10 cases) and neoplastic (17.2%, or five cases) pathologies. Conclusion MRI effectively identifies a wide range of pathologies in the ankle and hindfoot, with marrow edema, joint effusion, and tendon pathologies being prevalent. The study underscores the utility of MRI in diagnosing and assessing various conditions in the ankle joint complex and highlights the need for accurate imaging to guide treatment decisions. Future research should focus on correlating MRI findings with clinical outcomes to enhance diagnostic accuracy and management strategies.
影响踝关节和后足的病理状况可表现出多种临床症状和病因，因此需要准确的诊断工具以进行有效管理。磁共振成像（MRI）是评估这些病理状况的一种有价值的成像方式，可提供骨骼、关节、肌腱及其他软组织异常的详细可视化图像。
评估105名患有踝关节和后足病理状况的不同参与者的MRI表现，重点关注骨骼、关节、肌腱和软组织异常的患病率及类型。
于2022年8月至2024年7月在印度浦那的D.Y.帕蒂尔医学院、医院及研究中心开展了一项单中心观察性描述性研究，纳入105名参与者（男性占54.3%，女性占45.7%），平均年龄为39.04岁。对MRI扫描结果进行分析，以评估骨骼、关节、肌腱和软组织病理状况的患病率。记录临床资料、症状持续时间和病因分类。
对105名（N = 105）研究参与者的结果分析显示，疼痛（94.3%，即99例）是最常见的症状，其次是活动受限（86.7%，即91例）、外伤史（75.2%，即79例）和肿胀（73.3%，即77例）。创伤性病因（76.2%，即80例）占主导，而炎症性病因（48.3%，即14例）和感染性病因（34.5%，即10例）也较为显著。MRI表现显示，41.9%（44例）的参与者有骨髓水肿，22.9%（24例）有软骨下囊肿，17.1%（18例）有骨折，10.5%（11例）有侵蚀。关节受累最常见于胫距关节（76.2%，即80例）和距下关节（58.1%，即61例）。肌腱病理状况包括肌腱周围炎（55.2%，即58例）和肌腱病（23.8%，即25例），其中跟腱最常受累（39%，即41例）。韧带损伤主要为扭伤（46.7%，即49例），部分撕裂（18.1%，即19例）和完全撕裂（7.6%，即8例）较少见。软组织表现包括皮下水肿（76.2%，即80例）和滑囊炎（24.8%，即26例）。在出现非创伤性病理状况的研究参与者中，炎症性病理状况（48.3%，即14例）最常见，其次是感染性（34.5%，即10例）和肿瘤性（17.2%，即5例）病理状况。
MRI能有效识别踝关节和后足的多种病理状况，骨髓水肿、关节积液和肌腱病理状况较为普遍。该研究强调了MRI在诊断和评估踝关节复合体各种病症中的实用性，并突出了准确成像以指导治疗决策的必要性。未来的研究应侧重于将MRI表现与临床结果相关联，以提高诊断准确性和管理策略。
