短期健康素养提升项目（HeLPP）对农村2型糖尿病患者生化指标、自我护理及生活质量的影响：一项采用所罗门四组设计的现场试验
Effects of a Short-time health literacy promotion program (HeLPP) on biochemical factors, self-care and quality of life among rural patients with type-2 diabetes: A field trial with Solomon four-group design.
作者信息
Golboni Farzaneh, Ahmadzadeh Hakim, Nadrian Haidar, Babazadeh Towhid, Najafi Sarisa, Ghahremaninasab Parvaneh, Pirehbabi Kamyar, Heizomi Haleh, Mahmoodi Hassan
机构信息
Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
出版信息
Health Promot Perspect. 2024 Jul 29;14(2):175-184. doi: 10.34172/hpp.42787. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
Current evidence suggests that health literacy (HL) impacts self-care behaviors and quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a short-time health literacy promotion program (HeLPP) on self-care behaviors and QOL in rural patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
Conducted from 2018 to 2019 in Chaldoran county, Iran, this randomized controlled trial followed the Solomon four-group design. Participants included 160 rural individuals with T2DM, who were divided into two intervention (A and C) and two control (B and D) groups. Pre-tests were conducted for intervention group A and control group B, with post-tests administered to all groups at three and six months. Interventions, consisting of five training sessions lasting 45 to 55 minutes, were planned and executed based on pre-test analyses. Primary outcomes were QOL and self-care behaviors, and secondary outcomes were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), HL and patients' awareness of the disease.
RESULTS
Prior to the intervention, there was no significant difference in awareness, HL, self-care behaviors, HbA1c, and QOL between intervention group A and control group B (>0.05). However, at three and six months after the educational program, intervention group A exhibited significantly increased average scores in awareness, HL, self-care behaviors, and QOL, along with reduced HbA1c levels (<0.05) compared to control group B. No interaction was detected between the pre-test and the primary and secondary outcome scores after intervention.
CONCLUSION
Implementing intervention programs like HeLPP focusing on enhancing practical HL and empowering T2DM patients seems to be promising in improving patients' self-care behaviors and QOL, while reducing their HbA1c levels.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Identifier: IRCT20131116015422N7; https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/35569.
背景
目前的证据表明，健康素养（HL）会影响2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的自我护理行为和生活质量（QOL）。本研究旨在评估短期健康素养促进项目（HeLPP）对农村2型糖尿病患者自我护理行为和生活质量的影响。
方法
该随机对照试验于2018年至2019年在伊朗恰尔多兰县进行，采用所罗门四组设计。参与者包括160名农村2型糖尿病患者，他们被分为两个干预组（A组和C组）和两个对照组（B组和D组）。对干预组A和对照组B进行了预测试，并在三个月和六个月时对所有组进行了后测试。根据预测试分析，计划并实施了由五次时长45至55分钟的培训课程组成的干预措施。主要结局指标为生活质量和自我护理行为，次要结局指标为糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、健康素养和患者对疾病的认知。
结果
干预前，干预组A和对照组B在认知、健康素养、自我护理行为、HbA1c和生活质量方面无显著差异（>0.05）。然而，在教育项目实施后的三个月和六个月时，与对照组B相比，干预组A在认知、健康素养、自我护理行为和生活质量方面的平均得分显著提高，同时HbA1c水平降低（<0.05）。干预后，未检测到预测试与主要和次要结局指标得分之间的交互作用。
结论
实施像HeLPP这样注重提高实用健康素养并增强2型糖尿病患者能力的干预项目，在改善患者自我护理行为和生活质量、同时降低其HbA1c水平方面似乎很有前景。
试验注册
标识符：IRCT20131116015422N7；https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/35569 。
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