Automating insulin delivery through pump and continuous glucose monitoring connectivity: Maximizing opportunities to improve outcomes.

The development of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, which connect continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems with algorithmic insulin delivery from an insulin pump (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, [CSII]), has led to improved glycaemia and quality of life benefits in those with insulin-treated diabetes. This review summarizes the benefits gained by the connectivity between insulin pumps and CGM devices. It details the technical requirements and advances that have enabled this, and highlights the clinical and user benefits of such systems. Clinical trials and real-world outcomes from the use of AID systems in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) will be the focus of this article; outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other diabetes subtypes will also be discussed. We also detail the limitations of current technological approaches for connectivity between insulin pumps and CGM devices. While recognizing the barriers, we discuss opportunities for the future.