Malakhov Stanislav, Lukacikova Petra, Mifkovic Andrej, Wsolova Ladislava, Vovk Oleg, Polak Stefan
Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2024 Sep 18. doi: 10.5603/fm.100537.
A wide range of medical procedures in the zygomatic region in maxillofacial surgery, implantology, and aesthetic medicine requires a detailed study of the zygomaticofacial foramen (ZFF) due to the high risk of damage to its contents during manipulation.This study aimed to estimate the shape, diameter, and location of ZFF and their relationships with anatomical landmarks.
A studywas conductedon 53 dry adult human skulls. Standard morphometric measurementswere takenusing sliding calipers.The number, diameter, shape, and location of ZFF were notedon both sides, andthe distances between the ZFF and surrounding anatomical landmarks were measured.Conventional statistical methods were usedto evaluate the data.
Out of 106 sides, no ZFFwas noticedin 2.8%, one foramen was found in 40.6%, two foramina were found in 39.6%, threein 10.4%, four in 4.7%, andfive in 1.9%. The vertical diameter was 0.98 ± 0.35 mm, while the transverse diameter was 0.87 ± 0.31 mm. The shape of the ZFF was oval in 67%, round in 26.2%, semilunar in 4.9%, and irregular in 1.9%. The distance from the ZFF to the infraorbital margin was 6.63 ± 2.09 mm, tothe frontozygomatic suture was 26.24 ± 3.49 mm, tothe zygomaticomaxillarysuture,was 19.75 ± 3.55 mm, tothe zygomaticotemporal suture was 22.31 ± 3.98 mm and, to the most prominent point of the zygomatic bone was 8.03 ± 2.64 mm.
The variations in the number and location of ZFF mustbe consideredwhile performing regional blockanesthesia,and surgical or aesthetic procedures in the zygomatic region.
在颌面外科、种植牙学和美容医学中，颧骨区域有多种医疗操作，由于在操作过程中其内容物受损风险较高，因此需要对颧面孔（ZFF）进行详细研究。本研究旨在评估颧面孔的形状、直径和位置及其与解剖标志的关系。
对53个干燥的成人人类头骨进行研究。使用游标卡尺进行标准形态测量。记录双侧颧面孔的数量、直径、形状和位置，并测量颧面孔与周围解剖标志之间的距离。采用传统统计方法对数据进行评估。
在106侧中，未发现颧面孔的占2.8%，发现1个孔的占40.6%，发现2个孔的占39.6%，发现3个孔的占10.4%，发现4个孔的占4.7%，发现5个孔的占1.9%。垂直直径为0.98±0.35毫米，而横向直径为0.87±0.31毫米。颧面孔的形状为椭圆形的占67%，圆形的占26.2%，半月形的占4.9%，不规则形的占1.9%。颧面孔到眶下缘的距离为6.63±2.09毫米，到额颧缝的距离为26.24±3.49毫米，到颧上颌缝的距离为19.75±3.55毫米，到颧颞缝的距离为22.31±3.98毫米，到颧骨最突出点的距离为8.03±2.64毫米。
在进行颧骨区域的局部阻滞麻醉、手术或美容操作时，必须考虑颧面孔数量和位置的变化。
