Keshavarz Fatemeh, Zeinalabedini Mobina, Ebrahimpour-Koujan Soraiya, Azadbakht Leila
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1416643931, Tehran, Iran.
Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
BMC Nutr. 2024 Sep 18;10(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s40795-024-00930-1.
Asthma has become the most common chronic condition among children in recent decades. Environmental factors, including food, drive its rise. Sweetened beverages are a staple of children's diets and cause various health issues. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the association of all types of high fructose beverages with asthma in children.
We assessed observational studies published before November 2023, obtained from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The quality of articles was assessed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Studies with a pediatric population under 18 years that indicate the association between all kinds of beverages containing high fructose and asthma and evaluated risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals were included. We also followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA).
In the final analysis, we included eleven studies with 164,118 individuals. Twenty-one effect sizes indicated a significant positive association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption and odds of asthma (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.15-1.42; P < 0.001). Three effect sizes showed that total excess free fructose (tEFF) intake increases children's asthma odds by 2.7 times (pooled OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.30-5.73; P =0.008). However, five effect sizes in 100% fruit juice failed to show statically association with asthma prevalence in children (pooled OR: 1.43; 95%CI: 0.91-2.23; P =0.12).
In summary, SSB and tEFF raised asthma probabilities. No relationship was found between fruit juice and asthma in children and adolescents. We need more cohort studies with correct age selection to identify the precise link.
近几十年来，哮喘已成为儿童中最常见的慢性疾病。包括食物在内的环境因素推动了其发病率的上升。含糖饮料是儿童饮食的主要组成部分，并会引发各种健康问题。因此，本研究旨在评估各类高果糖饮料与儿童哮喘之间的关联。
我们评估了2023年11月之前发表的观察性研究，这些研究来自PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science。文章质量使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估。纳入了针对18岁以下儿科人群的研究，这些研究表明各种含高果糖饮料与哮喘之间的关联，并评估了95%置信区间的风险估计值。我们还遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）。
在最终分析中，我们纳入了11项研究，涉及164,118名个体。21个效应量表明含糖饮料（SSB）的消费与哮喘几率之间存在显著正相关（OR：1.28；95%CI：1.15 - 1.42；P < 0.001）。3个效应量显示，总过量游离果糖（tEFF）摄入量使儿童患哮喘的几率增加2.7倍（合并OR：2.73；95%CI：1.30 - 5.73；P = 0.008）。然而，100%果汁中的5个效应量未能显示出与儿童哮喘患病率的统计学关联（合并OR：1.43；95%CI：0.91 - 2.23；P = 0.12）。
总之，SSB和tEFF会增加哮喘发病概率。在儿童和青少年中，未发现果汁与哮喘之间存在关联。我们需要更多年龄选择正确的队列研究来确定确切的联系。
