Drake J H, Kiwango G, Kitapondya D, Mashili F, Kivlehan S M
Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Afr J Emerg Med. 2024 Dec;14(4):246-251. doi: 10.1016/j.afjem.2024.08.002. Epub 2024 Sep 7.
In Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, death from road traffic crashes (RTC) occurs at roughly double the global rate. In this study, we sought to understand the locations and types of vehicles involved in RTC in Dar es Salaam encountered by a cohort of motorcycle taxi drivers previously trained in first aid.
This was a quasi-non-randomized interventional study, cohort subtype, with three-month follow-up. Some 186 motorcycle taxi drivers were selected by convenience sampling from 16 heavily populated, central wards and trained in a basic hemorrhage control course. Participants reported the location and types of vehicles involved in RTCs they encountered and intervened upon through performing bleeding control interventions. Surveys were designed on KoboToolbox and administered via phone call at monthly intervals over a three-month period. The main outcome measures were the location of crash encounters and types of vehicles involved.
In all 62 unique participants (33.3 %) encountered and provided bleeding control interventions to 83 injured individuals following 69 RTC in at least 31 distinct city wards, despite training only having occurred in 16 wards. Eight crash locations were not recorded. Crashes in distant wards typically contained major roads. Most commonly, crashes involved a motorcycle without the involvement of another vehicle (=20), followed by motorcycle vs. car/three-wheeled vehicle (=15), motorcycle vs. bus/van (=10), motorcycle vs. motorcycle (=9), motorcycle vs. pedestrian (=7), pedestrian vs. bus/van (=2), pedestrian vs. car/three-wheeled vehicle (=1), motorcycle vs. bicycle (=1), multi vehicle (=1), and other (=3).
Motorcycle taxi drivers trained in hemorrhage control frequently encounter and intervene upon RTC in wards where they are based as well as in distant locations, commonly in wards containing major roads. Expanding first aid training for motorcycle taxi drivers could improve timely access to emergency care for RTC victims. Since most crashes involved motorcycles, road safety training should be integrated into future courses.
在坦桑尼亚的达累斯萨拉姆，道路交通事故（RTC）导致的死亡率约为全球平均水平的两倍。在本研究中，我们试图了解一组先前接受过急救培训的摩的司机在达累斯萨拉姆遇到的道路交通事故发生地点及涉事车辆类型。
这是一项准非随机干预性队列研究亚型，随访期为三个月。通过便利抽样从16个人口密集的市中心病房区选取了约186名摩的司机，并对他们进行了基本出血控制课程培训。参与者报告了他们遇到并通过实施出血控制干预措施进行干预的道路交通事故的发生地点及涉事车辆类型。调查在KoboToolbox上设计，并在三个月的时间里每月通过电话进行一次。主要结局指标为事故发生地点及涉事车辆类型。
尽管培训仅在16个病房区进行，但共有62名（33.3%）独特的参与者在至少31个不同的城市病房区的69起道路交通事故后，遇到并为83名受伤人员提供了出血控制干预措施。有8起事故发生地点未记录。偏远病房区的事故通常发生在主要道路上。最常见的事故是一辆摩托车单独发生事故（20起），其次是摩托车与汽车/三轮车相撞（15起）、摩托车与公共汽车/货车相撞（10起）、摩托车与摩托车相撞（9起）、摩托车与行人相撞（7起）、行人与公共汽车/货车相撞（2起）、行人与汽车/三轮车相撞（1起）、摩托车与自行车相撞（1起）、多车相撞（1起）以及其他情况（3起）。
接受过出血控制培训的摩的司机经常在其所在病房区以及偏远地区遇到并干预道路交通事故，这些事故通常发生在有主要道路的病房区。扩大对摩的司机的急救培训可以改善道路交通事故受害者及时获得紧急护理的情况。由于大多数事故涉及摩托车，道路安全培训应纳入未来课程。
