Doan Tiffany, Ong Desmond C, Wu Yang
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough.
Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin.
Psychol Rev. 2025 Jan;132(1):130-153. doi: 10.1037/rev0000507. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Emotion understanding goes beyond recognizing emotional displays-it also involves reasoning about how people's emotions are affected by their subjective evaluations of what they experienced. Inspired by work in adults on cognitive appraisal theories of emotion, we propose a framework that can guide systematic investigations of how an adult-like, sophisticated understanding of emotion develops from infancy to adulthood. We integrate basic concepts of appraisal theories with developmental theories of emotion understanding and suggest that over development, young children construct an intuitive, theory-like understanding of other people's emotions that is structurally similar to appraisal theories. That is, children are increasingly able to evaluate other people's situations from those people's perspectives along various appraisal dimensions and use such third-person appraisals to understand those people's emotional responses to events. This "third-person-appraisal" framework can not only incorporate existing empirical findings but can also identify gaps in the literature, providing a guiding framework for systematically investigating the development of emotion understanding. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
情绪理解不仅仅是识别情绪表现，它还涉及推断人们的情绪如何受到他们对自身经历的主观评价的影响。受成人情绪认知评价理论研究的启发，我们提出了一个框架，该框架可以指导对成人般复杂的情绪理解如何从婴儿期发展到成年期进行系统研究。我们将评价理论的基本概念与情绪理解的发展理论相结合，并表明在发展过程中，幼儿构建了一种直观的、类似理论的对他人情绪的理解，这种理解在结构上与评价理论相似。也就是说，儿童越来越能够从他人的角度沿着各种评价维度评估他人的情况，并使用这种第三人称评价来理解他人对事件的情绪反应。这个“第三人称评价”框架不仅可以整合现有的实证研究结果，还可以识别文献中的空白，为系统研究情绪理解的发展提供一个指导框架。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
