Yeo Gerard C, Ong Desmond C
Institute of Data Science, Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore.
Department of Psychology, University of Texas.
Psychol Bull. 2024 Dec;150(12):1440-1471. doi: 10.1037/bul0000452. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
The core premise of cognitive appraisal theories of emotion is that emotions are produced from our interpretation of what we experience. Compared to other major theoretical frameworks in emotion, the appraisal perspective emphasizes the centrality of these cognitive interpretations in giving rise to emotions. Decades of research have yielded numerous studies that broadly agree on the centrality of the appraisal process, but differ in the details, with different lists of appraisal dimensions, terminology, and only qualitative predictions for the relationship between select appraisals and emotions. Despite hundreds of published empirical studies, the field still lacks a systematic, quantitative meta-analysis that can establish support for the detailed relationships between appraisals and emotions. Here, we conducted a mixed-effects meta-analysis of 2,634 effect sizes from 309 studies across 251 reports, covering 47 distinct appraisals and 63 emotions, to assess the evidence for 853 specific appraisal-emotion relationships. We find that 75.0% of previously hypothesized relationships between appraisals and emotions were statistically significant, with an average moderate-to-large effect size (mean = .33). We also highlight many previously unpredicted relationships, with an average small-to-moderate effect size (mean = .27), which can form the basis for future confirmatory studies and theory refinement. As a summary, we provide a taxonomy of appraisal dimensions, as well as appraisal profiles of these emotions, which could be useful to affective scientists, clinical psychologists, and applied behavioral researchers. Taken together, this review documents the state of knowledge in the field and generates new hypotheses for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
情绪认知评价理论的核心前提是，情绪产生于我们对自身经历的解读。与情绪领域的其他主要理论框架相比，评价视角强调这些认知解读在引发情绪方面的核心地位。数十年的研究产生了大量成果，这些研究在评价过程的核心地位上大致达成共识，但在细节上存在差异，比如评价维度列表不同、术语不同，而且对特定评价与情绪之间关系的预测也只是定性的。尽管已有数百项实证研究发表，但该领域仍缺乏一项系统的定量元分析，以证实评价与情绪之间的详细关系。在此，我们对来自251份报告中的309项研究的2634个效应量进行了混合效应元分析，涵盖47种不同的评价和63种情绪，以评估853种特定评价 - 情绪关系的证据。我们发现，先前假设的评价与情绪之间的关系中有75.0%具有统计学意义，平均效应量为中等至较大（均值 = 0.33）。我们还突出了许多先前未预测到的关系，平均效应量为小至中等（均值 = 0.27），这些关系可为未来的验证性研究和理论完善奠定基础。作为总结，我们提供了评价维度的分类法以及这些情绪的评价概况，这可能对情感科学家、临床心理学家和应用行为研究人员有用。总体而言，本综述记录了该领域的知识现状，并为未来研究提出了新的假设。（PsycInfo数据库记录 (c) 2024美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
