EnviSci Consulting, LLC, Austin, TX 78731, USA.
ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc., Annandale, NJ 08801, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Nov;208:116885. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116885. Epub 2024 Sep 18.
Herding agents offer a significant advance in oil spill response by overcoming past barriers limiting effectiveness of in-situ burning. This paper reviews the use, environmental fate and effects of two commercial herders, Siltech OP-40 and ThickSlick 6535. A conceptual model is proposed to describe herder fate followed by a screening exposure analysis. Hazard concentrations intended to protect aquatic life are derived using empirical toxicity data, interspecies correlation estimation and group target site models. Using exposure and hazard evaluations, a preliminary risk assessment is performed demonstrating acceptable risk to aquatic life. Hazards posed to wildlife are also reviewed. Potential harm to wildlife can be avoided or minimized by adopting best management application practices. This synthesis is intended to provide a valuable resource describing the rationale for herder use, evaluating environmental risk trade-offs and informing future oil spill response planning and decision-making. Priorities for further research are identified.
集油剂在克服了限制原位燃烧有效性的过去的障碍方面为溢油应急提供了重大进展。本文回顾了两种商业集油剂 Siltech OP-40 和 ThickSlick 6535 的使用、环境归宿和影响。提出了一个描述集油剂归宿的概念模型，然后进行了筛选暴露分析。使用经验毒性数据、种间相关估计和组靶位模型得出旨在保护水生生物的危害浓度。利用暴露和危害评估，进行了初步风险评估，表明对水生生物的风险可以接受。还审查了对野生动物构成的危害。通过采用最佳管理应用实践，可以避免或最小化对野生动物造成的潜在危害。这项综合研究旨在提供有价值的资源，描述使用集油剂的基本原理，评估环境风险的权衡，并为未来的溢油应急规划和决策提供信息。确定了进一步研究的优先事项。
