Zhu Guoshuai, Xiong Jianyun, Li Xing, He Ziyi, Zhong Shuhan, Chen Junlin, Shi Yang, Pan Ting, Zhang Li, Li Baojun, Xin Hongbao
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
Light Sci Appl. 2024 Sep 19;13(1):258. doi: 10.1038/s41377-024-01617-9.
Neural stimulation and modulation at high spatial resolution are crucial for mediating neuronal signaling and plasticity, aiding in a better understanding of neuronal dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. However, developing a biocompatible and precisely controllable technique for accurate and effective stimulation and modulation of neurons at the subcellular level is highly challenging. Here, we report an optomechanical method for neural stimulation and modulation with subcellular precision using optically controlled bio-darts. The bio-dart is obtained from the tip of sunflower pollen grain and can generate transient pressure on the cell membrane with submicrometer spatial resolution when propelled by optical scattering force controlled with an optical fiber probe, which results in precision neural stimulation via precisely activation of membrane mechanosensitive ion channel. Importantly, controllable modulation of a single neuronal cell, even down to subcellular neuronal structures such as dendrites, axons, and soma, can be achieved. This bio-dart can also serve as a drug delivery tool for multifunctional neural stimulation and modulation. Remarkably, our optomechanical bio-darts can also be used for in vivo neural stimulation in larval zebrafish. This strategy provides a novel approach for neural stimulation and modulation with sub-cellular precision, paving the way for high-precision neuronal plasticity and neuromodulation.
高空间分辨率的神经刺激和调制对于介导神经元信号传导和可塑性至关重要，有助于更好地理解神经元功能障碍和神经退行性疾病。然而，开发一种生物相容性好且可精确控制的技术，用于在亚细胞水平上对神经元进行准确有效的刺激和调制极具挑战性。在此，我们报告一种利用光控生物飞镖实现亚细胞精度神经刺激和调制的光机械方法。生物飞镖取自向日葵花粉粒的尖端，当由光纤探针控制的光散射力推动时，能在细胞膜上产生具有亚微米空间分辨率的瞬态压力，从而通过精确激活膜机械敏感离子通道实现精确的神经刺激。重要的是，能够实现对单个神经元细胞的可控调制，甚至可深入到诸如树突、轴突和胞体等亚细胞神经元结构。这种生物飞镖还可作为多功能神经刺激和调制的药物递送工具。值得注意的是，我们的光机械生物飞镖还可用于斑马鱼幼体的体内神经刺激。该策略为亚细胞精度的神经刺激和调制提供了一种新方法，为高精度神经元可塑性和神经调制铺平了道路。
