Kunnen Kris, Ali Md Muntasir, Lataf Amine, Van Hees May, Nauts Robin, Horemans Nele, Vandamme Dries, Cuypers Ann
Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Sep 5;15:1414212. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1414212. eCollection 2024.
To reach the estimated food demands for 2050 in decreasingly suiting climates, current agricultural techniques have to be complemented by sustainably intensified practices. The current study repurposed wheat crop residues into biochar, and investigated its potential in different plant cultivation systems, including a hydroponic cultivation of wheat. Biochars resulting from varying pyrolysis parameters including feedstock composition (straw and chaff) and temperature (450°C and 600°C), were tested using a fast plant screening method. Biochar WBC450, produced from a combination of chaff and straw at 450°C, was selected for further plant experiments, and used in a static leaching experiment in the cultivation medium. Increased pH and EC were observed, together with an increase of most macronutrient (K, Mg, P, S) and a decrease of most micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Zn) concentrations. Considering plant growth, application of biochar resulted in concentration-dependent effects in both tested plant species ( and wheat). It improved the vegetative yield across all tested cultivation systems. Increases in K and S, and concentration-dependent decreases in Fe and Na content in wheatgrass were observed. Biochar influenced the reproduction of hydroponically cultivated wheat by increasing the number of spikes and the number of seeds per spike. The antioxidative capacity of wheat grass, and the seed sugar and starch contents remained unaffected by biochar application. This study contributes to innovation in soilless cultivation approaches of staple crops, within the framework of closing waste loops for a circular bioeconomy.
为了在气候日益不适宜的情况下满足2050年的预计粮食需求，当前的农业技术必须辅以可持续强化措施。本研究将小麦作物残茬转化为生物炭，并研究了其在不同植物种植系统中的潜力，包括小麦的水培种植。使用快速植物筛选方法对由不同热解参数（包括原料组成（秸秆和谷壳）和温度（450°C和600°C））产生的生物炭进行了测试。选择在450°C下由谷壳和秸秆混合产生的生物炭WBC450进行进一步的植物实验，并在培养基中进行静态浸出实验。观察到pH值和电导率增加，同时大多数常量营养素（钾、镁、磷、硫）增加，大多数微量营养素（铁、锰、锌）浓度降低。考虑到植物生长，生物炭的应用在两种受试植物物种（[此处原文缺失植物物种名称]和小麦）中均产生了浓度依赖性效应。它提高了所有受试种植系统中的营养产量。观察到小麦草中钾和硫增加，铁和钠含量呈浓度依赖性降低。生物炭通过增加穗数和每穗种子数影响水培小麦的繁殖。小麦草的抗氧化能力以及种子糖和淀粉含量不受生物炭施用的影响。本研究有助于在主食作物无土栽培方法方面进行创新，处于为循环生物经济封闭废物循环的框架内。
