Zhai Yanjie, Shi Zhenqi, Xia Qing, Han Wenkai, Li Weisong, Deng Xiaoran, Zhang Xiao
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu 221004, China.
ACS Nano. 2024 Oct 1;18(39):26477-26502. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09114. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
Lithiation, a process of inserting lithium ions into a host material, is revolutionizing nanomaterials synthesis and structural engineering as well as enhancing their performance across emerging applications, particularly valuable for large-scale synthesis of high-quality low-dimensional nanomaterials. Through a systematic investigation of the synthetic strategies and structural changes induced by lithiation, this review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the development, potential, and challenges associated with this promising approach. First, the basic principles of lithiation/delithiation processes will be introduced. Then, the recent advancements in the lithiation-induced structure changes of nanomaterials, such as morphology tuning, phase transition, defect generation, etc., will be stressed, emphasizing the importance of lithiation in structural modulation of nanomaterials. With the tunable structures induced by the lithiation, the properties and performance in electrochemical, photochemical, electronic devices, bioapplications, etc. will be discussed, followed by outlining the current challenges and perspectives in this research area.
锂化是将锂离子插入主体材料的过程，它正在彻底改变纳米材料的合成与结构工程，并提升其在新兴应用中的性能，对于大规模合成高质量低维纳米材料尤为重要。通过系统研究锂化诱导的合成策略和结构变化，本综述旨在全面理解这种有前景的方法所涉及的发展、潜力及挑战。首先，将介绍锂化/脱锂过程的基本原理。然后，将着重阐述锂化诱导的纳米材料结构变化的最新进展，如形貌调控、相变、缺陷产生等，强调锂化在纳米材料结构调制中的重要性。基于锂化诱导的可调控结构，将讨论其在电化学、光化学、电子器件、生物应用等方面的性质和性能，随后概述该研究领域当前的挑战和前景。
