State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Human Phenome Institute, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Nov;11(42):e2407543. doi: 10.1002/advs.202407543. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
Water plays a vital role in the life cycle of plants, participating in various critical biochemical reactions during both non-photosynthetic and photosynthetic processes. Direct visualization of the metabolic activities of water in plants with high spatiotemporal resolution is essential to reveal the functional utilization of water. Here, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is applied to monitor the metabolic processes of deuterated water (DO) in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana). The work shows that in plants uptaking DO/water solution, proton-transfer from water to organic metabolites results in the formation of C-D bonds in newly synthesized biomolecules (lipid, protein, and polysaccharides, etc.) that allow high-resolution detection with SRS. Reversible metabolic pathways of oil-starch conversion between seed germination and seed development processes are verified. Spatial heterogeneity of metabolic activities along the vertical axis of plants (root, stem, and tip meristem), as well as the radial distributions of secondary growth on the horizontal cross-sections are quantified. Furthermore, metabolic flow of protons from plants to animals is visualized in aphids feeding on A. thaliana. Collectively, SRS microscopy has potential to trace a broad range of matter flows in plants, such as carbon storage and nutrition metabolism.
水在植物的生命周期中起着至关重要的作用，参与了非光合作用和光合作用过程中的各种关键生化反应。直接可视化具有高时空分辨率的植物中代谢水的活性对于揭示水的功能利用至关重要。在这里，受激拉曼散射（SRS）显微镜被应用于监测模式植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中氘代水（DO）的代谢过程。研究表明，在吸收 DO/水溶液的植物中，质子从水转移到有机代谢物，导致新合成的生物分子（脂质、蛋白质和多糖等）中形成 C-D 键，从而可以通过 SRS 进行高分辨率检测。验证了种子萌发和发育过程中油-淀粉之间可逆的代谢途径转换。沿着植物（根、茎和顶端分生组织）的垂直轴的代谢活性的空间异质性，以及水平横截面上的次生生长的径向分布被量化。此外，在以拟南芥为食的蚜虫中，植物到动物的质子代谢流被可视化。总的来说，SRS 显微镜有可能追踪植物中广泛的物质流，如碳储存和营养代谢。
