Gaye Papa Mouhamadou, Doucouré Souleymane, Sow Doudou, Sokhna Cheikh, Ranque Stéphane
Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005, Marseille, France.
VITROME, Campus International IRD-UCAD de L'IRD, 1386, Dakar, Senegal.
Trop Med Health. 2024 Sep 20;52(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s41182-024-00632-1.
Freshwater snails are the first obligatory intermediate hosts in the trematode life cycle. Several parasitic diseases transmitted by these snails are endemic in Africa, and their distribution closely follows that of the intermediate hosts. These diseases represent a major public health problem and cause significant socio-economic losses in Africa, particularly schistosomiasis and fascioliasis. In this review, we will describe the main roles of freshwater snails in the life cycle of trematode parasites, and the geographical distribution of these diseases in Africa. We will also discuss the different techniques for detecting parasitic infections in snails, as well as the various methods of controlling snails and the larval stages of parasites.
We carried out a literature search for articles dealing with parasitic diseases transmitted by freshwater snail hosts in Africa. The search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar using various search terms combined by Boolean operators. Our search was limited to peer-reviewed articles less than 10 years old. Articles published to date in the fields of control of parasitic diseases transmitted by freshwater snails were included. Results were presented in narrative and in table format.
The results of the database search identified 1007 records. We included 84 studies in this review. These studies generally focused on freshwater snails and the diseases they transmit. We described the geographical distribution of 43 freshwater species belonging to nine snail families, as well as the parasites that infect them. Several methods for diagnosing parasites in their snail hosts have been described, including microscopic and molecular methods, as well as antibody and protein barcode-based techniques. Molluscicides have been described as the main strategy for snail control.
This study highlights several elements of knowledge about diseases transmitted by freshwater snails and their distribution. A good understanding of snail infection detection techniques and existing control methods is an essential component in adapting control strategies for these diseases.
淡水螺是吸虫生命周期中的首个必需中间宿主。这些螺传播的几种寄生虫病在非洲呈地方性流行，其分布与中间宿主的分布密切相关。这些疾病是重大的公共卫生问题，在非洲造成了巨大的社会经济损失，尤其是血吸虫病和肝片吸虫病。在本综述中，我们将描述淡水螺在吸虫寄生虫生命周期中的主要作用，以及这些疾病在非洲的地理分布。我们还将讨论检测螺体内寄生虫感染的不同技术，以及控制螺类和寄生虫幼虫阶段的各种方法。
我们对涉及非洲淡水螺宿主传播的寄生虫病的文章进行了文献检索。检索在PubMed、科学网和谷歌学术等数据库中进行，使用布尔运算符组合的各种检索词。我们的检索限于10年内的同行评审文章。纳入了迄今为止在淡水螺传播的寄生虫病控制领域发表的文章。结果以叙述和表格形式呈现。
数据库检索结果确定了1007条记录。我们在本综述中纳入了84项研究。这些研究一般聚焦于淡水螺及其传播的疾病。我们描述了属于9个螺科的43种淡水螺的地理分布，以及感染它们的寄生虫。已经描述了几种在螺宿主中诊断寄生虫的方法，包括显微镜和分子方法，以及基于抗体和蛋白质条形码的技术。杀螺剂被描述为控制螺类的主要策略。
本研究突出了关于淡水螺传播的疾病及其分布的几个知识要点。充分了解螺感染检测技术和现有控制方法是调整这些疾病控制策略的重要组成部分。
