Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Türkiye.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Science, Tourism and Agricultural Technology, Osh State University, 723500, Osh, Kyrgyzstan.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024 Sep 21;56(8):266. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04112-w.
Vector-borne pathogens continue to increase their impact on the livestock industry worldwide. To protect animals against these pathogens, it is very important to identify the species that cause the disease and understand their prevalence. This study aimed to investigate the presence and prevalence of vector-borne pathogens in apparently healthy cattle in different parts of Kyrgyzstan using molecular diagnostic techniques. For this purpose, 531 blood samples were collected from the Osh, Jalal-Abad, and Batken oblasts of Kyrgyzstan. The blood samples were investigated for vector-borne pathogens using PCR, RLB, and RFLP. Moreover, DNA sequence analyses were used to confirm the results of molecular techniques and phylogenetic analyses of these pathogens. 359 (67.61%) out of 531 samples were found to be infected with at least one pathogen, whereas 172 (32.39%) were detected to be negative. Thirteen vector-borne pathogens were detected in cattle blood samples, and the prevalence of these pathogens was as follows: Theileria orientalis (47.83%), T. annulata (25.61%), Babesia major (0.19%), B. occultans (0.38%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum-like 1 (3.20%), A. capra (3.01%), A. centrale (2.82%), A. bovis (1.13%), (A) ovis (0.19%), Candidatus Anaplasma camelii (0.94%), Trypanosoma theileri (19.21%), Mycoplasma wenyonii (6.03%), and Ca. Mycoplasma haemobos (2.64%). Among the positive samples, one pathogen was identified in 189 cattle (35.59%), and co-infections (two or more pathogens) were determined in 170 (32.01%) animals. Theileria parva, T. mutans, (B) bigemina, B. bovis, B. divergens, and A. marginale could not be detected in the study. Anaplasma bovis and Ca. Anaplasma camelii were detected for the first time in the country. This molecular survey provides important epidemiological and genetic data for the vector-borne pathogens in cattle. The results of the study showed that vector-borne pathogens have a significant spread and distribution in cattle in Kyrgyzstan.
在全球范围内，虫媒病原体继续对畜牧业产生重大影响。为了保护动物免受这些病原体的侵害，识别引起疾病的物种并了解其流行情况非常重要。本研究旨在使用分子诊断技术调查吉尔吉斯斯坦不同地区的看似健康的牛中虫媒病原体的存在和流行情况。为此，从吉尔吉斯斯坦的奥什、贾拉拉巴德和巴特肯地区采集了 531 份血样。使用 PCR、RLB 和 RFLP 检测血液样本中的虫媒病原体。此外，还使用 DNA 序列分析来确认分子技术的结果，并对这些病原体进行系统发育分析。结果发现，531 份样本中有 359 份（67.61%）至少感染了一种病原体，而 172 份（32.39%）被检测为阴性。在牛血液样本中检测到 13 种虫媒病原体，这些病原体的流行率如下：东方泰勒虫（47.83%）、环形泰勒虫（25.61%）、马泰勒虫（0.19%）、无形体（0.38%）、类嗜吞噬细胞无形体 1（3.20%）、绵羊无浆体（3.01%）、中央无形体（2.82%）、牛无形体（1.13%）、（A）绵羊无形体（0.19%）、骆驼泰勒虫（0.94%）、邱氏泰勒虫（19.21%）、支原体（6.03%）和无浆体（2.64%）。在阳性样本中，189 头牛（35.59%）中鉴定出一种病原体，170 头牛（32.01%）中确定存在混合感染（两种或多种病原体）。在研究中未检测到小泰勒虫、突变泰勒虫、（B）双芽巴贝斯虫、牛巴贝斯虫、分歧巴贝斯虫和边缘无形体。在该国首次检测到牛无形体和骆驼无形体。这项分子调查为吉尔吉斯斯坦牛的虫媒病原体提供了重要的流行病学和遗传数据。研究结果表明，虫媒病原体在吉尔吉斯斯坦的牛中广泛传播和分布。
