Wang Yachao, Liang Yilei, Jiang Li, Luo Xuegang, Cheng Tingting, Long Xiaoyan
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China; Biomass Center, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China.
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China; Biomass Center, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104180. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104180. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
This study investigated the use of tea tree oil (TTO) in the treatment of HS-induced lung injury in chickens, focusing on the detoxification mechanism. HS can damage the respiratory system and reduce growth performance. TTO can improve immune inflammation and growth performance. The mechanism by which TTO mitigates the harmful effects of HS on chicken lungs remains unclear. Therefore, the experimental model was established by HS exposure and TTO addition in drinking water. The 240 one-day-old Roman pink chicks were selected for the experiment. The trial was divided into control group (CON), treatment group (TTG, 0.02 mL/L TTO+HS) and HS exposure group (AVG, HS). There were 4 replicates in each group and the trial lasted for 42 d. The therapeutic effect of TTO on lung injury in chickens were determined by growth performance evaluation, transcription sequencing and network pharmacology analysis. The results showed that in the test's third week, the body weights of the chickens in the CON were higher than those in the AVG and TTG (P < 0.05). Pathological sections showed that TTO alleviated the symptoms of lung inflammation and bleeding caused by ROS. As showed by transcriptional sequencing, the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes Caspase-9, BAK-1, BCL-2 and BAX were significantly altered (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes IL-2, IL-6, and IL-17 were downregulated (P < 0.05). Network pharmacological analysis showed that CA2, CA4, GABRA5 and ADH1C were the key targets of TTO. The TTO treatment significantly altered these targets (P < 0.05). Molecular docking confirmed the strong binding ability between the active component and the targets. This study showed that TTO inhibits HS-induced oxidative damage to the lungs, thereby improving their health status. This provides a new solution for the prevention of harmful gas in the poultry industry.
本研究调查了茶树油（TTO）在治疗鸡群中由热应激（HS）引起的肺损伤方面的应用，重点关注其解毒机制。热应激会损害呼吸系统并降低生长性能。茶树油可以改善免疫炎症和生长性能。茶树油减轻热应激对鸡肺有害影响的机制尚不清楚。因此，通过热应激暴露和在饮水中添加茶树油建立了实验模型。选择240只1日龄的罗曼粉鸡进行实验。试验分为对照组（CON）、治疗组（TTG，0.02 mL/L茶树油+热应激）和热应激暴露组（AVG，热应激）。每组有4个重复，试验持续42天。通过生长性能评估、转录测序和网络药理学分析确定茶树油对鸡肺损伤的治疗效果。结果显示，在试验的第三周，CON组鸡的体重高于AVG组和TTG组（P<0.05）。病理切片显示，茶树油减轻了由活性氧引起的肺部炎症和出血症状。转录测序表明，凋亡相关基因Caspase-9、BAK-1、BCL-2和BAX的mRNA表达发生了显著变化（P<0.05）。同时，炎症相关基因IL-2、IL-6和IL-17的mRNA表达下调（P<0.05）。网络药理学分析表明，CA2、CA4、GABRA5和ADH1C是茶树油的关键靶点。茶树油处理显著改变了这些靶点（P<0.05）。分子对接证实了活性成分与靶点之间具有较强的结合能力。本研究表明，茶树油可抑制热应激引起的肺部氧化损伤，从而改善鸡的健康状况。这为家禽业预防有害气体提供了新的解决方案。
